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[BEST SELLER] EBS All In One Biz Package By Alastair Mackenzie REVIEW: Being Efficient And Streamlining Your Business And Leveraging The Best From The People You Work With

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EBS All in One Biz Package by Alastair Mackenzie REVIEW: Being Efficient And Streamlining Your Business And Leveraging The Best From The People You Work With EBS All in One Biz Package by Alastair Mackenzie is reliable and experienced in the Internet Marketing, it goes without saying that there is no doubt of have this product. This product is very useful. Many Internet Marketers from different countries are using and acknowledging the benefits of these products. Here, Livome recommends and persuades people to have EBS All in One Biz Package. If you buy this product using my link, you will also get the most convenience way to use this product. Please see the details on this product here: Just take the opportunity, it will not come twice! Do not waste your time to be successful, you can do it now, just by clicking on my link for more complete review. This review was meant to show you how this product works and to show you some of the pros and cons that enable you to decide if you want to work with it or not. For further information, you may check the review online. EBS All in One Biz Package is the best one proven by many people who have purchased it, just by pointing and clicking you will get more than what you are expecting of! Just experience and you will feel great! If you are a new business , or perhaps you remember when you started your first business there is a world of work to do. You need to get a website, you need to do SEO, PPC, You need to manage everything, work to get projects completed, learn how to assign work to people… and make sure they actually do it. With Every Biz Solutions Apps Package it will allow you to Build your Website, Develop an app using a simple drag and drop Builder. You get SEO and PPC software so you can organise all your marketing in just a few clicks. Finally you get Project management software so you can stream line your business and help desk ticketing software so you can manage customer enquiries quickly and easily. Our Software is so simple to use, it is not one of these complex heavy knowledge CRM’s, its simple, one, two click system. Our web and app builders are just drag and drop, so no matter your skill level you will easily be able to use this. WHAT KIND OF EBS YOU WILL GET? HERE IT IS: EBS SEO Checkpoint Complete SEO analysis in just one-click. Your organisation will be able to export reports on any website from the search engine’s perspective, perform on page SEO audits, load times, mobile analysis, pagespeed, and social media analytics, and even get in depth traffic estimations. This is an important business tool to enable you to maintain and improve your search engine rankings. Perfect software solution for all your SEO requirments. EBS ProjectMap This comprehensive project management software will handle virtual or physical teams easily and effectively. This will enable your organisation to assign and coordinate major projects with task lists and milestones, along with managing unlimited files to tracking employee’s time, plus monitoring large quantities of complicated project data. This offers a simple easy to understand bird’s eye view format of your projects, so this app is the perfect tool if you want to manage a team of any size. EBS Ticket Tracker This is a comprehensive solution to help desk and customer support, with this outstanding software enabling your organisation to manage all your customer service issues. You can deal with ticket requests and internal help requests all in one location, this offers a 100% web based solution. EBS Retarget Generator This app will allow your company ads to re-target and appear on different platforms including Facebook, Google, Fetchback, Adroll, CHango and Retargeter It is so powerful and diverse that your company will be able to quickly and easily work with any retargeting code, retarget from any landing page, manage multiple users, and even retarget users on a specific website. This is an essential software to enable your marketing to reach multiple platforms ideal for placing ads to sell affiliate offers, products and services. EBS Cloud Storage Every Biz Cloud storage will enable you to access your files anytime, anywhere. With files storage and unlimited pc backup in mind this cloud-based package will offer an all- in-one cloud storage solution. EBS Website Builder Every Biz is all about making website building a simple and enjoyable experience, available to everyone. With more than a just a drag and drop system, you can build your website from ready made templates. With no need to code, this super simple system gives impressive results that are fully responsive and Google friendly. Plus it comes with eCommerce and Blogging facility. EBS Business Center EBS Business Centre includes useful E books and video tutorials with updates for you to download. Also available to you is 87 WordPress website themes and plugins if you decide to use our free hosting for a wordpress website. Along with blogs and articles with useful information to help run your business. EBS APP Builder You do not need any special technical knowledge, zero, none whatsoever. You will be able to create IOS Android Web apps created in just one go. Once created then publish for iPhone, iPads, android phones and tablets along with web apps. EBS Web Hosting Built on our cloud platform, our web hosting is user-friendly enough for beginners yet powerful enough for seasoned developers and businesses. Perfect if you are looking for easy to use, reliable and super-fast web hosting at an amazing price. WHAT ELSE? Use them all Or Use just the ones you need Build it all yourself or Get us to do it for you No need to research Everything you need is here Buy Monthly Or Save Annually Buy for yourself Or Buy for your clients The Every Biz Solution Package Includes ✓ Drag and Drop Website Builder ✓ Drag and Drop App Builder ✓ SEO Analysis Software ✓ Project Management Software ✓ Help Desk Ticketing Software ✓ PPC Retargeting Software ✓ Business center complete with ebooks, video tutorials, plugins, themes and more! ✓ Hosting and Emails for unlimited domains Professional Designs Our Website builder comes equipped with ready to use and easy to edit themes so all you have to do is drag and drop, cut and paste what you want and you will have a proffessionally designed and attractive website in just a few minutes, no need for spending hours or thousands on a developer, you can do it all yourself for a fraction of the time and expense. Easy-To-Use App Builder Our drags and drop design allows you to add different elements with ease. Give your business a competitive edge and build an app before they do! Project Management Monitor and Manage all of your staff for each product, allowing you to edit login details, activate/deactivate users and create new users as needed. SEO Analysis Software You can do unlimited amount of Website Reports, you can check up on all your competitors or if you run an web agency you can do reports on a regular basis as an added service. If you run a business you can add this as an extra service for your clients and even make an extra income. PPC Retargeting Software Our retargeting software allows you to get the most of retargeting your adverts on all the major social media sites meaning you get maximum exposure. Help Desk Ticketing System This is the easiest way to manage customer inquiries and problems. You can assign each email to a member of staff and to a particular project streamlining your whole business. Unlimited Cloud Storage You get unlimited cloud storage for 1 PC with the options to upgrade and add more devices and cloud sharing. Perfect for business who want to collaborate and share files. Hosting And Emails You get unlimited hosting and Emails so no matter what your business you can host with us whether you use our website builder or just move your hosting to ours, it is all inclusive. Simple To Understand Product Training Videos We provided easy to understand product training videos, teaching you how simple our software is to use. Access All Your Software Applications From One Place Easy to manage and easy to use all together software! When you sign up for our All in One Software Solution you will be given access to all our Software Solutions. You will be given unique login credentials and for your hosting, emails and cloud storage you will even be given a unique Login URL for added security! Fully Supported All is fully supported, anything you need help with we have a simple ticketing system that will allow us to respond to all enquiries quickly and effectively (…we use our own software!) Conclusion: This review on EBS All in One Biz Package was meant to show you how this product works and some of the pros and cons that it has to enable you decide if you would want to work with it or not. For more information, you may check online. EBS All in One Biz Package is the best of the best because many people have purchased it, All of this and more can be done by just pointing and clicking! Just Experiment with all the great option and you will feel great… Grab it fast! Originally published at www.livome.com on June 3, 2016.
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5 Secret Weapons For Outbound Sales

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If your business relies on outbound sales to generate new customers and keep cash flow going, you likely already know the challenges your teams face. Inbound sales teams merely react to those who contact them, providing information and answering questions. Those customers have enough of an interest to have reached out, increasing the chances that the call will lead to a conversion. Outbound sales teams initiate contact with customers who may or may not be interested. Today, in some cases, these are cold calls, with the customer never having shown any interest whatsoever in a product. In other cases the leads are vetted, often through a research process that makes it more likely they’ll say yes. With my last company I had to learn the hard way the difference between inbound and outbound sales are very different. I hired a team of outbound sales reps while all I needed was an outbound sales force to sell my product. I learned the right and wrong ways to sell our product to the masses.  Related: 3 Tips for Converting Sales Online With the right tools in place, teams can arm themselves to increase those chances even further, equipping each professional with the secret weapons they need to succeed. Here are a few of the tools that I personally used to leverage our outbound sales success. InsideSales PowerDialer. If your team needs to call numerous people at once, the InsideSales PowerDialer can help. InsideSales’ tool takes predictive dialing to the next level, using analytics to determine the best time of day to contact each person on a call list. Instead of merely dumping a call on a sales representative without warning, the PowerDialer also lets those employees press “dial” when ready, which gives them time to review the record before the call, rather than rushing to read it after the call has already connected. The process of logging each call and leaving a voicemail is automated, so your representatives will spend their time moving onto the next person on the list rather than logging call notes into a database. LeadGenius When your teams are calling on customers, they can gain an advantage by having an updated list in front of them. If you aren’t constantly updating your databases, chances are a large number of your contact names are outdated. LeadGenius not only provides an up-to-date list of high-quality leads, but those leads can also be built with just about any custom data point you want. This tool uses a combination of data analytics and human researchers to research each lead using a combination of private and public information. When you get a list of leads from LeadGenius, your sales team can immediately start contacting prospects at scale instead of wasting valuable time researching each name before making contact. Related: 8 Steps to a Successful Sales Call Toofr. Your outbound sales team can waste hours each week searching for email addresses before making contact. Toofr specializes in connecting professionals with the information they need, with a built-in database of email patterns and positively-guessed email addresses for millions of domains across the globe. Your team can simply enter a first and last name and a company name or website and Toofr delivers an address in response. You can also collect a list of names and companies or websites and upload it as a CSV file and Toofr will return a list of email addresses to match. Outro. This software allows you to automate referrals and get the best intros to potential clients. With an introduction through a trusted individual you're 3x more likely to make the sale. Outro makes it incredibly easy for the people who know, trust, and love your business to make high-quality referrals. With this software you can leverage others connections on Linkedin for outbound sales success. PersistIQ. Even with a list of fully-vetted leads and email addresses, the process of contacting those leads and following up later can be laborious. PersistIQ helps by helping teams create smart email campaigns that automatically deploy based on predetermined actions. You can send an introductory email, then follow up with a second email based on the action each recipient took on the first piece of communication. With automatic emails in place, your team will also avoid missing the opportunity to follow up, increasing the number of deals you close each month. You can also use the tool to conduct A/B testing and refine your marketing efforts in response to things that work and things that don’t quite bring the results you intended. Related: The Rise of Inbound Marketing and the Death of the Cold Call If your business relies on outbound sales to bring in new customers, the right tools can make all the difference. When you support your team with great technology, you free them up to spend more time speaking to prospects and less time doing administrative work and research. Shop for the right set of tools that support your own unique environment.
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For The First Time Product Manager…

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What all you should do in the first one month of your first job as Product Manager? The intention of this post is not to explain the role of a product manger. But to list the things which one can do to help him / her perform better at it. Based on the background, there are mainly 3 types of people who land up in a Product manager role for the first time: People who have been earlier involved in other aspects of Product life cycle — like designers, engineers, copyrighters, data scientists. Fresh graduates (typically from a management school) People coming from a totally different background (let’s say construction or business development): They usually end up in Product Management roles because of their business acumen, analytical thinking or domain knowledge. People with the background of the first type usually have a fair idea of the role of a product manager. In many cases, they slowly transition from their earlier role to this new responsibility. But if you belong to type 2 or 3, it sometimes becomes difficult to find out which are the skills you need to acquire and what all you need to do in the initial few days which would help you perform better. Sharing below is a To do list I made for my friend who was joining as the first product manager of a well funded startup without having any experience into product development. Understand the user — The different types of user of your product and the problems you are solving / new opportunities you are creating for each different type of user. Which user base and his which problem is the most important for you? Understand the user persona, what does he want? how do you make him successful? Personally meet/ talk to your loyal, frequent, new and perspective customers. Your company’s goal- Which of them your product will achieve? the business model. What makes / holds your company from being successful? When do you call your product and company a success story? Understand whether you are a part of product team or solutioning team or actually a service company team. Understand your industry and market. Understand your competition — This includes everyone who are solving the same problem as you irrespective of the way. Understand their product, customer base, core strengths, offerings, pricing, painpoints. Understand the existing product roadmap of the company — Most of the time, you inherit a product roadmap. Try to see the rational behind it. Teams: You would be working a whole lot with other teams. Try to understand their work and learn to speak in their language. In your first week, sit out with the following teams I. The customer facing part of the organisation Support team: will tell you about actual pain points of the customer Marketing team: The channels through which our user is exposed to our product. The user persona? Whom do we appeal to? sales team: Understand what exactly is our pitch to the customer and at what point is he convinced. Why are people using our product? Sit during demos / sales presentations. Customer Training team? Why do we need a training team (if any)? The training agenda is a list of non intuitive features of your product. strategy team (if any): Understand company’s short and long term goals and steps planned towards it. Account Managers (if any) II. Your Product team: Analytics Backend Developers QA (manual and automation) DevOps Web Front end developers Mobile developers Other Product Managers Program Management UX designers — Web and Mobile UI designers- Web and Mobile Technical Content Writers / Copyrighters Understand who developed which feature in the past. Will help in quick issue resolution in future. Understand which all teams are specific to your product and which all teams work across products. III. Other Product Teams inside your company specially the products / systems with which your product is integrated products used by the same user base as yours products which share the same resources as you. Have a brief idea about all products / systems your company has and what exactly they do. 6. Understanding the current state of your product Experience the product as an outsider if possible. Register as a customer, understand the Onboarding process. sit with the tester, sales person, support team — they are usually the best people to give the product demo understand what exactly is happening at the backend. Am not saying you should start reading code from the start but start understanding. be open to technical discussions. understand the db — what is stored where. get an access of prod replica understand your release cycle and process current method of dev process — waterfall, agile, scrum agile, kanban, random, etc technologies your company uses — at least understand the basics. 7. Take access of and start using the following Your product database reports already scheduled — If you think any metric you should track and currently are not tracking, go ahead and get a report scheduled. User usage analytics tools like GA, kissmetrics etc if being used currently — Understand the metrics you are currently tracking The support ticket system — redmine, jira, etc where your support related tickets comes. Follow them religiously. Other systems — Slack, etc Jira or any other bug / feature tracking tool used by your team Product roadmap software if any being used — Asana, trello, etc the various environment of product- staging, production, pre-production, UAT, etc any product admin panel 8. Lets learn something new: SQL Excel — Pivot, Power tables, macros Google Analytics Reading API documentation — learn using Postman to test api. Understand what’s a curl call, Difference b/w rest and soap api’s. Benefit — testing the APIs when the front end is not even ready shifts the defect detection to an earlier stage, (called shift left) Learn to search logs- logs have data about various actions taken in your application. Material Design, iOS design, web app any native application Any good wire framing tool Why various types of testing needed to be done on product — Functional, regression, cross browser, device, UAT, Automation testing, performance testing, Basics of GIT — also understand the current branch codes- master, production, etc and which environment is built using which branch. 9. Topics you should read: How to prioritise features — building a product roadmap UX design — the design process- Conducting user interviews, brainstorming, affinity diagrams, prototyping, UAT metrics you should track for your product / business Agile development — scrum agile, kanban process, waterfall development, continuous integration Lean Product Management New Apps / startups / innovations specially the ones which are solving the same problem as you (not necessarily in the same way) How Product Management is different from Program Management / Project Management 10. A good start to read Inside intercom blog Good Product Manager vs bad product manager by Ben Horowitz business model generation by Alexander Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur Zero to One: Peter Thiel Traction by Gabriel Weinberg and Justin Mares 11. Jump with a feature - do stuff - Shut up and ship: Take ownership of a feature in product roadmap and execute it. Start learning by doing. I genuinely hope that the above list helps our first time product mangers. I know I may have missed something (or may be a lot). Do share your thoughts!
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The Story Of My Addiction

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The first 10 Scripted Employees — Minus MeLet me start by saying that every entrepreneur I know is an addict. The only thing that separates us from one another is whether we’ve come to terms with our own addiction. Starting companies is hard — everyone has their own war story. Here is mine , about a company I cofounded called Scripted. I first came to terms with my own addiction in 2006. I was living in LA at the time, and I became obsessed with an idea I couldn’t get out of my head : that I could somehow change the way Hollywood sources screenplays. I became addicted to the idea after a close friend of mine, Zak Freer, kept getting rejected from writing jobs. He was scraping together a few dollars here and there, working odd production jobs. The main reason why he couldn’t make it in Hollywood? He lacked the interpersonal skills it took to get his dream movies made (sorry, Zak, but I think you’d agree with me here). Zak was young, brilliant and the most talented writer I’d ever met. But like so many before him, he was jaded and crushed from rejection after rejection. The only thing that really kept him together was the ounce of remaining hope he had, cheap beer and his family and friends. I wanted to help Zak — that was my mission. We used to go to Gyu-Kaku in Beverly Hills every week for dinner and complain about our respective jobs. Zak and I went here every week for beef and beerAt the time, I was at UCLA in business school. The honest reason why I went to business school ? I wanted a two-year vacation from reality somewhere sunny. When you apply to business school, they make you write essays about what you want to do with your life and why. I may have said something about wanting to be an executive or work in tech, but I honestly had no clue. I applied to Stanford, Harvard and UCLA but managed to convince only UCLA that I had a genuine desire to learn how to be a better manager. With that being said, those two years at UCLA were amazing. During that time, I met my future wife and some of my closest friends, and the faculty, staff and administration at the school were second to none. If you’re hoping to go to business school, I recommend going somewhere warm. Prior to business school, I was totally lost . I worked in a cubicle at a management-consulting firm called Navigant Consulting. I was in the data and stats group , where we analyzed (what was considered to be at the time) large data sets in hopes of settling our clients’ lawsuits for fewer dollars than they were being sued for, using SAS, Microsoft Access, etc. I was mediocre at my day job, constantly distracted and not really happy. I spent a lot of time day-trading, which is what eventually gave me my initial investment capital in Scripted and paid for business school. King Drew Medical Center, Watts, CAI eventually moved on to another project while I was with Navigant, at the infamous King-Drew Medical Center (a.k.a. “Killer King”) in Watts. It was perhaps the best thing to happen to my career. I met the best bosses I’ve ever had — Kae Robertson, Denise Hartung and Kyoko Matsuba. I learned more from them about how to manage and drive employees in a year than one could possibly learn in a lifetime. Working in Watts for a year on-site with at least one gunshot victim a day coming through the ER really puts things in perspective. It takes you out of your comfort zone and exposes you to what real people have to do to make it day by day—how hard they have to work and the hardships they endure. I was tasked with using data to help make hospital processes better and more efficient . For example, in some cases, individual patients were being blood-tested three times in a single day for the same disease across different departments. We used data to inform hospital employees that this type of thing was going on, and they took corrective action almost immediately. I’d like to think I made an impact by fixing some of that stuff. Before I was put on the Watts project, I met Ryan Buckley, my eventual cofounder, who worked in the cubicle next to me. Ryan was a hippie, had floppy and unkempt hair, and had crashed the Oscars. I liked him immediately. He and I left Navigant at around the same time in 2006 . He went off to public-policy school at Harvard and met up with me in the summer of 2006 in Europe, where we drank absinthe and brainstormed business ideas (Ryan wrote his own origin story of Scripted here). OK, so back to my addiction. After I became addicted to my idea, I reconnected with Ryan, who became my counselor. He helped me take my screenwriting idea out of my head and turn it into a practical reality. He introduced me to web-based product development and collaborative storytelling (he was working on a product whereby he could trade stories with his grandfather when they were apart, via the web), and I put two and two together: let’s connect Ryan and Zak and see what happens. After we all got together, my addiction grew only worse. We came up with so many ideas as the brainstorming continued. The ideas grew, and so did my vision for a company. Collaborative storytelling, screenwriting, disrupting Hollywood : I could see the first writer using our product and winning the Academy Award — all in my head. I eventually convinced Ryan and Zak that they, too, should be addicted to the mission of this company. They were. We each put $10,000 of money we didn’t have into the company. We started an LLC through a shady website. Our addiction began to cost us real money and real time. Our friends and family wondered what we were doing on calls together at odd hours of the night. There was just one problem — we had no fucking clue what we were doing. We were all over the place. Did we have to write a business plan? Did we have to learn how to code? Did we have to meet a bunch of people in the industry? Yes, and we did all of it. The cover of “Business Plan Pro” SoftwareI bought Business Plan Pro software and ran through tutorials on to how to develop a business plan. I wasn’t very good at it and gave up after a few weeks. I thought I could bring myself to take a business-plan writing class at UCLA, but it was too long and cut into the time I could spend on learning how to run the business. I obsessed over content-management systems — Drupal and Joomla! in particular. To practice, I started an anti-school-administration blog at UCLA called The Anderson Daily, where I wrote long blog posts ripping the administration on minuscule issues, such as why the student cafe was so awful. I actually didn’t care about the cafe ; however, I did care about learning how to custom-code Joomla! templates. I did care about teaching myself HTML, a bit of PHP and a bit of CSS. Adam Altman, one of my closest friends and advisors, taught me everything I know in the early days — just enough to be dangerous, and just enough to know what I would say to a real developer if I wanted to manage a product. But that was not my strength. My strength was articulating the vision, writing about the vision, getting other people to believe in the mission and marketing the vision to the outside world — in a scalable manner (or “growth guy”, in modern Valley parlance) But then reality started to sink in. Everyone thought our idea was terrible, and everyone thought we were maniacs. One of the first versions of the screenwriting software we built — terrible name, yes I knowThe first time our idea was shat on was at the Writers Guild of America. A close friend of mine from business school put us in touch with the guild, where we talked about how we wanted to democratize screenwriting by using a web-based tool for writers to collaborate on stories (then have producers source scripts from us). The Writers Guild didn’t laugh ; they just told us that there is no way the idea would work, because the guild would effectively crush us. We weren’t disheartened, though. We thought we had been onto something. Then we met with our main competitors, Final Draft (they are like the Microsoft of the screenwriting industry — the de facto standard — but the company is absolutely terrible at innovating), and they offered to hire us. They told us we were wasting our time on the idea and that we should do better things with our lives. But then we started researching more and more and realized we weren’t the only maniacs on the planet who had this idea. A team out of Boston called Zhura — led by Eric MacDonald , an early exec at Sycamore Networks — was trying to solve this same problem from the opposite end of the country. We watched Eric’s progress from afar and loved his product. We were envious of it. He built his first product himself ; we built ours by outsourcing to a Canadian development shop that moved like molasses. Our product sucked compared to Eric’s. The existence of Zhura was at that time the only reminder out there in the world that I hadn’t lost it completely. I wanted to beat Eric, and I wanted to crush Zhura. The problem was that he had $1M, and we had $30K. We were going to have to be scrappy. Zhura may have mad money, but we had heart, and I wasn’t going to let us lose. Since we didn’t have a million dollars of our own lying around, I thought a lot about how to gain an advantage. Two things happened . First, the Writers Guild striked, which opened up a world of possibilities for independent producers to gain a foothold through new online channels and to gain notoriety. Second , the idea that indie producers should put their stuff started to put their work directly on Netflix and Youtube, new platforms at the time., was exciting . We took advantage of the confluence of these events in a couple of ways . We put on large events that effectively established us as the subject-matter experts on new media in Southern California. UCLA let us host the events for free, and some big-time names agreed to be on the panel. Alexia Tsotsis, who worked for the LA Weekly at the time, was one of our original panelists. Edward Burns and I at an event for the San Francisco Film SocietyThe second stroke of luck occurred when we added one of the most famed independent producers of all time — Edward Burns — to our advisory board. Eddie is widely considered the godfather of independent production . His producing partner, Aaron Lubin along with his wife , are acquaintances of my sister, Aarthi. They randomly met one day in LA, and she gave Aaron an update on what I was up to. Within two weeks, I met Aaron and Eddie and pitched the vision, and they agreed to get involved. Eddie and Aaron lent us the level of credibility we needed to acquire writers at scale. During the first two years of our launch, when Eddie was heavily involved, the number of creating screenplays using our software grew from 100 to 20,000. And then we hustled like crazy We begged, borrowed, called in favors and did whatever we had to in order to get traction. We worked with Alex Albrecht to buy a screenplay from our platform, and produce it. We managed (thanks to Nate Williams ) to get SPIKE TV to crowdsource a pilot script from us. We even got Jason Calacanis to join us for a panel on the future of start-ups at UCLA back in in 2009. The El Torito Grill at Sherman Oaks Galleria, where we turned down $50kWe hustled until someone offered us our first outside investment check: $50K at a $1.2M pre-money valuation. We were at the Sherman Oaks Galleria, outside the El Torito Grill. We turned down the money because we “had to ask our business partner first.” Dumb move. The economy collapsed during the fall of ’08 — I packed my bags and left LA We were totally and completely fucked. The company had no money and no viable ongoing source of income (the crowdsourcing model was just not scalable enough), and we were trying to get a subscription revenue going for a “premium” version of our software. I moved to the Bay Area for a full-time job at Applied Materials and prayed that we could somehow get back on track. We pitched 100s of investors on our idea, but not a single one was interested. Eventually, an investor who graduated from one of the early Y Combinator classes, Srini Panguluri (whom I was introduced to by a friend, Nancy Hwang) took a flyer out on us and cut us a check for 15K — friends and family participated in the 100K note (a 30% discount). We paid off our credit cards, but then we started our day jobs. I’ll never forget the smell of the cubicles inside of Applied Materials the first day I walked in. They smelled like defeat and made me feel like I was going to be stuck at this place for 20 years and collect a pension (if there was one still waiting for me after that time), and that I was going to be doomed to work at a big company forever. The first few weeks were really hard. I was part of the M&A group, which, at the time, was heavily focused on making solar acquisitions. But then something magical happened. Because the company was struggling, Applied Materials instituted “mandatory leave” for employees several weeks in alternation. I used the free time to work on the company and gain our momentum back. The mandatory leave cycle went on for 12 months, and the company kept making progress. Premium subscriptions went up, and we ran a few more screenwriting competitions, which were hugely successful. I made it my mission with every off-day I had to fight to make the company my full-time job. Eventually, Ryan reached out to the CEO of Zhura (at around the end of 2009), and he expressed interest in folding Zhura into Scripted. We absorbed his IP, added him to the board and raised 200K of capital in what seemed to be a very complicated transaction (since it involved 10,000 screenplays generated by 80,000 different writers). My last day at Applied Materials was on February of 2010. I quit, and I’ve never felt better. The Next Day, Was the Best Day of My Life I felt free, unencumbered and ready to take on the world. There was no better feeling. I worked with Ryan out of a small venture incubator space called i/o Ventures , run by ashwin navin and paul bragiel. Ashwin and I had been friends in college, and he effectively gave us the space for free. Activspace — the artist loft we worked out of on 18th and TreatBut eventually, our needs moved beyond i/o — we needed interns. So we hired Dor Rubin and our first “full time” development resource, Josh Palmer (we were previously working with another great developer, Josh Smith, who got us very far). Dor, Josh, Ryan and I worked out of an artists’ loft in the Mission called ActiveSpace , which, at the time, cost $700/month. We continued to grind, trying to figure out whether there was a business that could scale within the screenwriting industry. We felt as if we had been rejected by the LA ecosystem but magically accepted into the San Francisco one because of timing and serendipity. But the sad reality is, despite the money and the writer-community size of 80,000, and despite making 200K in investments during the last two years there was clearly no path forward in the entertainment industry. None. We connected with Roy Price from Amazon Studios when they were considering pursuing a similar model, but our discussions never went anywhere. The money was almost gone, and we were days away from being out of cash. Then we got a call from Levi’s . They had heard about us through one of our friends Tyler Willis and were intrigued by our large screenwriter community They wanted to use our writer community to crowdsource a video script for a Dockers ad. That project was a success and completely changed the direction of the company. We realized where the real opportunity is : we might not be able to change Hollywood, but we’ve amassed the largest writer community on the planet , so let’s sell blog posts and other types of content to businesses. Scripted was the Business My addiction was back in full swing. I was on calls constantly, hustling and asking my friends if they needed content for their blogs — even asking friends of friends. We learned what the product was by selling it to our friends. Our first product looked a lot like Elance/oDesk , whereby businesses could select their own writers, and we had a rudimentary “credit” system baked in. But what we learned eventually is that businesses hate managing writers and just want a service through which they can press one button and buy exactly what they want. That was Scripted— the name of our new company. Ryan acquired the URL (scripted.com) in exchange for a baseball cap, and we were off to the races. Zak moved on at this point to Harvard Dental School — he is still one of my closest friends and is a dental resident at UCLA. His contributions up until this point in the business cannot be overstated. Since our product was basically at that point a glorified Excel spreadsheet and a system for e-mailing writers from our screenwriting community, we needed help immediately. We hired Shellie Citron, who was acquainted with a friend of mine, to run accounts. Shellie was amazing. She was the perfect combination of someone who could write impeccably, edit impeccably and was amazing with clients. She joined us without knowing whether we’d have enough money to make next month’s lease payment. Ryan and I told her we were folding the business if we couldn’t get profitable or raise enough money to scale the business. She didn’t care — she believed in us. Scripted in Jackson Square — we weren’t sure if we’d be able to afford rentThe business , run by myself, Ryan and Shellie, started to take off in a major way. So much so that we were able to raise a $1M seed round from Crosslink Capital in the fall of 2011. Vik Gupta, who introduced us to Crosslink, was the first person to really believe that this could work, and Doug Feirstein was the first person who believed it and put money in. But we had absolutely no technological advantage. Then came Jake. Jake was a “contract” developer who worked with Ryan at Rapleaf. Ryan and I had all sorts of ideas in our heads and could no longer use our fake technical cred to get by. We needed a world-class engineer to translate our crazy product vision into reality. Jake said he could do it in five weeks. Over the course of those first five weeks, Jake realized — and we realized — that we could work with him for years on this problem. We loved each other. Jake became a brother to Ryan, Shellie and he . He joined us full time in January of 2012. Sara joined us shortly thereafter. The first Scripted retreat with the five of us in Napa was amazing. Jake had every technical question thought through and nailed down. I had thought through all the marketing ideas and tactics. Shellie and Sara were the best with product ideas to maintain quality at scale . Ryan made the underlying infrastructure work. We were a strong team, a team that was extremely skilled and respected each other to the moon and back. I was still addicted, but now even more so. The Team Grew — and so did our ambitions From left — Jake, Murad, Tasia, Eric, Josh T, Shellie, Ryan SaraOur team was a strong, determined bunch: Josh Tobias , whom we met through Craigslist; Eric MacColl , whom I convinced to join the team after he had turned me down three times ; Tasia Potasinski , a UVA track star how had e-mailed us through [email protected]/* */; Murad Salahi , who negotiated with me from a playground park bench that wasn’t big enough to hold the two of us ; Michael Groenemann , who turned us down once and realized that big companies weren’t for him ; and Sylvain Niles , who has the best tattoos I’ve ever seen. As our team grew, their addiction grew along with mine. We were in this together; we were family. In ways, we were all addicted to each other as well , working together long hours and talking almost 24–7 about our ideas, ambitions and visions for this thing we were working on. Hundreds of companies were outsourcing writing to Scripted, and writers were getting real money every month. We had a guy try to outsource his best-man’s wedding speech to Scripted ; we had students trying to outsource term papers (we deleted these projects) ; and we even had VCs outsourcing their thought-leadership pieces to us. But then we ran into trouble. By this point (late 2012), the company was pulling in tens of thousands of dollars in monthly revenue, but we knew we needed to fundraise sometime soon. We got to the final stages with three top-tier Sand Hill venture funds. I did a full partner meeting at all three, and one firm even sent their entire partnership to our offices (a strong indication that they may issue a term sheet). None of them converted. The company had four weeks of cash left. It was dire. You never forget the first time you have an anxiety attack. It feels like you’re having a heart attack. I had one a year prior . In 2011, I met with one of our rivals (Gary Swart from oDesk , who is now one of my closest friends and mentors), who had just purchased a site that was competing with Scripted. On the same day, I met Dana Brunetti and Kevin Spacey at our offices to try to get them involved with the company. On the way back to my house, after the grueling day, I felt my heart pump irregularly. I was on the 101 far, far away from home. I managed to call my parents and stay on the line until I reached our doctor’s office. It felt like an eternity. When I got there, the doctor checked me out by giving me an EKG and told me that I was totally OK — that it was all in my head and that I would be fine. He gave me a few drugs in the benzodiazepine class in case I needed to relieve anxiety on a situational basis. Kevin Spacey and Dana Brunetti in our Jackson Square offices — the day of my first anxiety attackAfter we got rejected by all of these funds and we had almost no money (and I’d likely to have to fire half the staff) — EVERY day was an anxiety provoking event. The best day and the worst day of my life was the day my first daughter was born, on 11/11/12. I was so excited for us to have a new member of the family arriving, but my mind was preoccupied with the impending doom of the company. Then she was born — with health complications — and I could not be fully present for her and my wife because I had the job of trying to get the company a lifeline. Without knowing the full extent of the health complications, I walked out of the hospital hours after she was born to take a call with a VC who may have been interested in investing. I felt like a heel. I couldn’t deliver for my family; I couldn’t deliver for my company; and I had no control over what my daughter faced on the day she was born. I am still traumatized by this, and in many ways, I still haven’t had a chance to process those first three days she was born (during which she went through batteries of tests while I was taking investor calls). After dozens of calls and meetings, we were saved by Western Technology Investment and Vik Gupta. WTI, a venture debt firm here in the valley, took a look at our business and felt that it was investable and that we needed just another three months of runway to prove out the model. We signed their term sheet for debt, and no one had to get let go before Christmas. I breathed a sigh of relief and hugged my newborn daughter that night while we were on vacation in Irvine. When we came back in the new year, a few things clicked, and the business once again started taking off. We eventually closed a Series A led by Redpoint (involving great investors like Michael Birch, James Currier, Stan Chudnovsky, Rick Marini and Paige Craig) and Crosslink Capital , who supported our seed round, A round and B round. Crosslink supported me throughout the whole process — in particular, Eric Chin, Omar El-Ayat and Alex Niehenke. The team celebrated the news, and the company grew more and more. As we continued to grow and I became more obsessed with wanting to succeed and not willing to accept failure, the stakes kept getting higher and higher I felt a personal sense of responsibility to our team and for the writers who were making a living off of our platform. I was proud of the fact that we paid over seven figures to writers in a short period of time. The Scripted team in Santa CruzThe Psychological and Physical Toll Were Immense But under the surface, I walked into work every day wondering , am I an impostor? Did I really just raise all this cash to build this business with this amazing team? Is this a dream, or is this reality? I later discovered that this is an extremely common theme among young tech CEOs : that your mind doesn’t feel up to speed with what you’ve actually accomplished. I also would go on to discover that most tech CEOs I know suffer from some sort of anxiety disorder. I’ve personally seen CEOs deal with it many ways — drugs, alcohol, pornography addiction, addiction to marathons/CrossFit, overeating, binging on TV to escape reality, traveling all the time to escape reality, etc. We all have a vice, and we all need to medicate in some way. In many ways, I agree with what Chris Sacca says here, around the idea that CEOs generally do experience some psychological issues. Very few CEOs I know are totally “normal.” Most are obsessive-compulsive . A CEO’s energy can be used in either a positive way or in a way that puts us in a very dark, dark place. I’ve seen the dark and the light, and I know most of my friends have too. You forget the notion of having a “true self.” One of the hardest things about being a CEO is having to switch context really quickly. One minute you are managing employees; the next you are meeting investors; the next you could be at a conference; and the next you could be pitching a customer. Each of those situations requires a totally different context, and I learned that fast. But by the time you come home, you have so little left for your family and friends, which takes a major toll on you personally. I like using sports analogies a lot. When you’re a CEO of a start-up company (or a Fortune 500 company), it’s like being a professional athlete. The only difference is that you don’t have an off-season ; you don’t have time to recuperate and physically train for what you face. You are working 24–7, and your body doesn’t have time to recover. There is no “training” for CEOs other than having close friends and a support group to reach out to in your dark days. In my case, I was really lucky to have advisors whom I could lean on, like Vik Gupta, James Currier, Julie Henley, Laurie Yoler, Stan Chudnovksy, Chris Michel, Gary Swart, Don Hutchison, Benjamin Wayne, Semil Shah and numerous others. The grind continued. The stakes grew higher and higher. Scripted continued to grow throughout 2013, and the culture remained strong and intact. I was able to convince Jon Miller, the cofounder of Marketo, to join our board of directors. Revenue was growing. We were invited to all the right conferences (including the Fortune conference in Aspen and the Goldman Sachs Private Internet Company Conference in Las Vegas). We even got Kevin Spacey formally involved with the company, and he mentioned us during his keynote speech at Content Marketing World. The company was tight, and our hiring bar was high; and though we were new to introducing the sales function at Scripted, everyone seemed to get along. Then I made my first bad hire. We needed someone to effectively run the books, do some operational work and manage a wonderful employee we had who had amazing potential. We interviewed a bunch of candidates — the need was urgent. We finally narrowed it down to two. We had concerns about both candidates but ultimately picked one. The concerns we had about him were magnified 10,000 times when he joined. He undermined every employee and every department and took every opportunity to reduce my confidence and that of the others around him. He was a big-company political machine with an agenda of his own , not a start-up hire (despite that, I actually liked him quite a bit personally , as he was a decent guy). Coming into work every day started to become less addicting , and I didn’t want to manage him. Then I didn’t want to manage the growing tension between sales and customer success. It was unpleasant. “Can’t we all just get along,” I thought? I played intermediary, heard both sides and sent both sides home with the message that they should be adults and figure out how to work together. It turns out that the management style I employed didn’t work for a company that was scaling fast. In the early days, when there were fewer than 20 employees, it was easy to trust folks, because you work with them closely and know what they’re capable of. As you grow, that becomes a lot harder unless you can build out a competent executive team. It’s the stuff you don’t like (sales operations, in my case) that you have to dig into more to become a better CEO. The result was more anxiety and more conflict because of my bad hire. And then there was another bad hire. Things started to look a bit ugly, and rather than instill energy within me, many of the people I surrounded myself with sucked energy from me. I had been trying to climb up this mountain for several years by this point across two companies. We closed our Series B in November of 2014 from Storm Ventures, with Redpoint and Crosslink participating, but I fell extremely ill after the round closed and was incapacitated for two weeks. I ultimately stepped away from Scripted in January 2015 (before our second daughter was born in March of 2015) and have had a year and change now to reflect on the journey. The story ends abruptly here, but there is obviously a lot more to write. How to rehab as an ex-CEO I was fortunate enough when the folks at Foundation Capital brought me on as an Entrepreneur-in-Residence for most of last year. It was the best “recovery” an entrepreneur could ask for. I met dozens of startup companies and worked with amazing partners, including ashu garg and Joanne Chen. Knowing what I know now, I would definitely be a better CEO. I would dig into the stuff I don’t like to become an expert on it. I’d surround myself with people who support me at every stage of the journey , both in my business and personal life. I’d take care of my body better. I’d deal with anxiety in a healthier way. But I’m not the CEO of Scripted anymore. I will be the CEO of another venture-backed company someday, and when I am, I will be amazing knowing what I know now. I just took another role at a late-stage venture-backed company called Replicon , where I run marketing. The co-CEOs are amazing, and the board is world class (Chamath Palihapitiya from Social Capital and Jason Green from Emergence Capital). It’s given me the opportunity to really dig into the operations of a business, spread my wings and excel at what I do best. The company is achieving tens of millions in revenue, is profitable (and cash-flow positive) and has a clear path to a very large exit. Being at Replicon for a few months has given me my confidence back and empowered me in a way I can’t describe. By night, I also run The Bold Italic , a San Francisco online magazine that was previously owned by Gannett Publishing. Reviving it with Sonia Arrison Senkut and turning the site profitable has been an amazing experience. I also write a column for Inc. magazine on weekends, which gives me the opportunity to interview great people within the tech community and to keep my network alive. I am staying busy, and I love it. Most importantly, I am able to spend more time with my family and my daughters — especially our eldest daughter now. I was not a good parent when I was a CEO, and I strive to be better at that every day. But it’s not perfect. I am still recovering in a lot of ways, and I have hiccups all the time. There are many days and weeks when I still think about Scripted and lament the fact that I was the guy to make this business huge but that I am no longer part of the journey. What if I’d just taken a vacation for a few weeks when I needed to recharge? What if I were still the CEO? What would I do differently, and where would the company be now? The story of Scripted continues, and I am no longer a part of that, which is simultaneously something I am proud of and something I feel wistful about. But I would do it again, and I will. Before you become a CEO, you should know how hard this journey is. There is no straight line between starting and success. If you experience early success, I can almost guarantee you it will vanish faster than the blink of an eye. Don’t pat yourself on the back for getting into Y Combinator, getting TechCrunch to write about you or getting external validation, which is fleeting. Pat yourself on the back when you can look around and recognize that everyone you work with is someone whom you’d go to battle with, and vice versa. That’s how you know you are on your way to building something great and something you can feel good about. This is the story of my journey. I hope anyone who reads this will decide to take the journey and also write a story someday about how successful he or she is.
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D30

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Stacking the Deck in a Game of Chance It’s been 30 days already in Ireland. Thirty days of constant, around-the-clock work. If I were doing this alone, it’d be insanity but luckily I have a brilliant team with Trevor B. Nicks, Hunter Casbeer, Brandon Shields, Kathryn Novelli, John Moody and all of the others that don’t have Medium accounts. We’ll be posting little pieces showcasing our team on the Spira page, so be sure to follow along. Any new venture is a risk. At first glance, an idea to grow a sustainable food source sounds like a pipe dream. Everything is imaginary unless somebody sacrifices something. It could be money, it could be time, but you’re not going to get that Midas touch without giving something up. So we’re stacking the deck in a game of chance, working to make it so that you don’t have to bluff as much, so that you can know that you’ll win. The easiest thing to give up to stack the deck is time. Time is the most valuable commodity of all, and the most available. It’s individual, it’s hard, it’s gritty and it’s the only thing you can sacrifice at first. By giving your time, you make the intangible closer to reality. It’s that first sacrifice that make your idea less risky. The second step is to convince someone else to sacrifice their time. No idea will make it out of the womb without a team. The myth of solo founders should be dispelled as soon as possible. Drew Houston didn’t build Dropbox all by himself. Mark Zuckerberg wasn’t the only engineer working on Facebook. The only reason founders become successful is that they get good enough at communicating their vision in a way that it makes people want to join in. (That’s part of the reason why I think it’s so important to celebrate my kickass team). With 2+ people, it’s less risky. Have you ever tried juggling while balancing on a unicycle? Try adding a couple extra wheels. As long as all of them are aligned, you’ll be moving quickly soon enough. And juggling new problems. The next step is to do the damn work. It’s amazing how many people skip this step. It takes an insane amount of dedication in the face of overwhelming odds just to move an inch in the direction of success. Now imagine moving a mile. Someone once described the journey of an entrepreneur as: “it’s like riding a bike! Except your bike is on fire. And the ground is on fire. Because you’re in hell.” I don’t care what it is, just build it. Stop waiting. Make something. Anything. Tinkerers and hackers achieve so much more because of their curiosity. Think of the world as a black box with hidden secrets. Secrets that you’ll then share as gifts. I find comfort in the unknown because it means that I’m learning. When it’s tough and there’s sleepless nights. When my friends go out, and I stay in working on uncovering the mysteries of the world so I can show them later. My team is the same way. We’re curious. We’re weird. We notice things. And we think we can make the world different. The final step is to convince outside people, the people who aren’t going to work on your idea, to give you their time. Because in reality, money is time. That’s the hardest step of all. What you’re doing is asking them to give a piece of them to you, and in exchange, you’re giving a piece of yourself to them. That’s why it’s essential to figure out exactly the puzzle piece each of you is looking for, otherwise neither will fit. Investors are just long-term customers. They’re trying to figure out whether or not 10 years of their time is worth it. That’s why it’s so difficult to raise money. Not only are you selling them on a piece of you, you’re also asking them to sacrifice, and keep on sacrificing on your behalf. That exchange is the cornerstone of any business relationship. The give-and-take. The sacrifice of time. The sharing of gifts. To stack the deck, to de-risk your idea, you have to make what you’re doing integral to someone’s life. Make it so that they’re willing to give a part of themselves. Then instead of playing a game of chance, everyone is on the same team. You’re sharing a million tickets to the lottery and it’s guaranteed you’re going to win. So, are you feeling lucky? Connect Deeper. Elliot Roth is the founder and CEO of Spira, a company that makes a living drink based on spirulina. They’re going to solve world hunger with a simple infinite protein source. Join in at http://drinkspira.com.
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Skip The Lawyers: New Templates Make Impact A Standard Part Of Investment Term Sheets

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Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Help is here for investors and entrepreneurs who want to add “impact” to the deal terms they are negotiating. Impact investing is increasingly popular and assets under management are growing. Doing impact investment deals, however, is still a hand-tooled process and often complicated (and expensive). Two new projects aim to equip impact investment dealmakers with legal language and templates and forestall confusion and conflict down the road. Impact investment transactions face issues beyond the scope of most financial agreements, including mission protection, impact measurement and alternative exit paths. Investors, for example, might come across an entrepreneur that has no intention to ever sell her business. Social entrepreneurs, in turn, might need deals that include more patient or lower cost capital than is normally included in deal terms. Both new projects aim to take what the pioneers have learned and pass that knowledge and expertise to new entrants. Best Practices The Impact Terms Project is an open source library of deal terms for structuring impact investments that was compiled by veteran impact investors and lawyers. It’s the brainchild of Diana Propper de Callejon, a private equity investor at Cranemere, and Bruce Campbell, a corporate finance lawyer for social enterprises and founder of Blue Dot Advocates. The two joined up after realizing they weren’t alone in continually having to build new investment structures for their impact investments. “Although growing numbers of people were experimenting with new deal terms and financing structures for impact investments, they were working in isolation and independently trying to develop their own solutions,” the project says on its website. Propper de Callejon and Campbell assembled a team and funding and collected real-world transactions from over 100 impact investors and entrepreneurs. The searchable library, which launched publicly in May, contains sample legal language and templates for direct investments in early stage companies. Private foundations and family offices including the MacArthur Foundation, F.B. Heron Foundation, Sorenson Global Impact Investing Center and the Blue Haven Initiative backed the effort. The second term sheet project, launched this week, comes from Echoing Green, the New York-based nonprofit that’s funded over 700 social entrepreneur fellows since it launched in 1998. Echoing Green alumni include the founders of Teach for America, City Year, One Acre Fund and SKS Microfinance and yes, Diana Propper de Callejon. She was Echoing Green’s very first fellow in 2000 as she sought to help Amazonian residents create livelihoods not based on deforestation. “At the seed stage, [social entrepreneurs] often don’t have access to, or are unable to pay for, quality legal services, so they may agree to unfavorable terms to get the financing needed to scale their meaningful work,” wrote Min Pease, the director of impact investing at Echoing Green, in a blog post. “Compounding these challenges is the fact that they have not had a social enterprise-friendly financing template that they can bring to investors to start the conversation.” Echoing Green’s Seed Impact Investment Template Note, or “SeedIIT,” is a social entrepreneur-friendly term sheet designed for debt investments into an early stage social enterprises. Echoing Green tapped its large network of Fellows to design a template that prioritized impact. It is now available as a free download on Echoing Green’s site. Originally published at impactalpha.com.
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What Small Business Owners Should Know About Running A Company

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There are many reasons to run your own company, including the prospect of being your own boss and being in control of your work/life balance. With more and more new businesses being founded each day, it’s clear to see that the benefits are too great to pass up. However, many people take the plunge into self-employment, but not all of them succeed. Statistics show that up to 90% of startups fail in their first year, however for the 10% that do survive, fast growth is essential in the early years. Growth helps your company become eligible for further venture funding, helps stave off competitors and of course, leads to further growth. To achieve this, preparation is key. Below we’ve put together a guide to the essentials things you should know about running a company, in an attempt to help any entrepreneurs or anyone thinking of starting their own business. 1. Operations The job of an operations department is to ensure that the business is run both efficiently and effectively. People working in operations need a deep knowledge of the workings of the business from top to bottom, essentially they are the ones who keep the business functioning as it should. Those working in operations are required to have strong organization and communication skills, as well as being able to perform well under pressure. The importance of communication skills in operations cannot be over estimated, as staff are required to communicate with everyone that the company works with, including colleagues, suppliers and clients. A successful operations department will maximise efficiency to increase your business’ profitability. 2. Human resources The human resources department deals with issues regarding employees of the company, including recruitment and benefits management. They also serve as mediator between staff and management. A HR manager will protect the interests of the company’s staff, acting as a confidant if the staff have any problems. Likewise, the HR department protect the company’s interests in terms of making sure they are not in breach of employment law. A successful HR team should establish strong relationships with other teams, as to better understand their roles and so they can arrange any further training an employee needs. 3. Finance The cornerstone to any successful business is a good accounts department, to run a business without one is simply impossible. The basic functions of the department include calculating the payroll, cash inflow, cash outflow, inventory and fixed assets amongst many other jobs. To run a successful finance department, it is essential to identify and utilize key technologies that will aid your invoice management. Using online accounting from Sage will help the formation of reports, budgeting and bookkeeping. All in all this should allow the company to make well informed decisions and hopefully maintain a stable performance. 4. Recruitment An effective recruitment team is essential in bringing in the best possible employees and ultimately, creating the perfect team for your business. There are some basic principles that your recruitment department should follow in order to be as successful as possible. It is important for recruiters to have a clear structure for the candidate, helping them achieve their personal goals and as a result, helping the company achieve its goals. There are, of course, a wide range of other departments your business will have once you reach a certain size. Most of these will be specific to the industry you are in; however, the four above will be found in any business and are the essential parts that will keep the business running smoothly.
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The Journey To Creating A Scalable Social Enterprise

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In today’s startup world, high burn rates and the need to raise multiple rounds of funding have become the norm. It’s believed that this is the only path to “scalability” — a word that has lost its meaning through a decade of abuse. Before a company, particularly a social enterprise, can become scalable it must have a sustainable foundation that solves a significant problem at a micro level. DivvyUp is a sock company that began out of Florida State University’s entrepreneurship program and is a great example of how to build a viable base to mitigate the risks that comes with growing into a national brand. The concept for DivvyUp was born after our team of undergraduates took a trip to the local homeless shelter looking for an opportunity to help. Expecting to hear food or housing, we were surprised when the receptionist claimed the shelter had a huge need for clean socks. With sustainability in mind, we decided to take the TOMS Shoes approach and sell fun, stylish socks with a mission to give a pair for every pair purchased. Taking this route versus a non-profit model allows a startup to fulfill its societal commitment through a viable cycle. Instead of relying on monetary donations to give socks, the company must offer a value proposition to its customers, just like a traditional for-profit business: Create a product that customers love. Due to limited financial resources and industry knowledge, we used a $400 loan from our professor and $1,600 of personal investments to act as a retailer for a few established sock companies. Reselling products for over a year allowed questions about sock manufacturers, customer discovery, and giving differentiation to be answered while generating revenue, mitigating risk, and building a brand. After developing a solid base, it was time to release version two. On May 25th, 2016, we released DivvyUp 2.0 — a brand new website and DivvyUp’s first official 3-pack of socks. We took what was learned from customers and the industry to build a foundation that is supported by the pillars of giving and fashion. On the giving side, we used technology to take transparency one step further: The Giving Back page on the new site has an interactive map that shows where we have gifted socks and where we will be giving to next. Each month’s sales are dedicated to a new homeless shelter, with this month’s being The Kearney Center in Tallahassee, Florida. The 25th of every month also marks the launch of a new themed 3-pack, with each month’s theme a surprise; this month’s is the Tribal Pack — socks embodying earth, fire, and water. All of DivvyUp’s socks are threaded with a blue toe, connecting the socks we sell to the socks we give. DivvyUp’s interactive sock giving map: www.divvyupsocks.com/giving-back/DivvyUp 2.0 was completely bootstrap-funded from day one — and we maximized the resources at Florida State such as student incubator space, free mentorship, and business plan competitions. Over the past two years, DivvyUp has won $12,000 through pitch competitions alone. This period has served as a great opportunity to validate big assumptions and make pivots where necessary. With a sustainable foundation built, we’re now poised to become a scalable social enterprise. If you would like to follow DivvyUp’s journey, join our newsletter (and try your luck at a free pair of socks) using the form on the home page here. *This article was originally posted on Sustainable Brands*
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Who Should Be On Your SEO And Content Marketing Team?

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Want to build your business without a million dollar marketing budget? Most small businesses do more than want that -- they need to do it. If you want results without paying too much, two types of marketing rise to the top: search engine optimization (SEO) and content marketing. There’s been some confusion about whether or not content marketing and SEO compete with each other or if content marketing is going to usurp SEO because “SEO is dead.” We’ve never seen it that way at Wasp Barcode. Some of our “content marketing people” are also our “SEO people.” They go to the same meetings and work on the same projects. The knowledge we get from our SEO work influences the content we create, and the content marketing goals we have shape what we look for in keyword research, which affects how we approach link building. The two disciplines are fused. Because of this overlap, you should build your content marketing and SEO team at the same time.   Based on some recent research we did for the 2016 State of Small Business Report, we know small businesses are facing some challenges with hiring, and they also under spend on marketing. Combine those two issues, and you’ve got an underfunded marketing department that’s short on staff. That’s not good, but we can turn that around. Here’s how to hire smart to staff a content marketing department. The average content marketing department. Before we delve into job descriptions, let’s look at what’s “normal” for a content marketing staff. Most content marketing teams are pretty small – five people or less. What’s most interesting here is that more than one in five of the companies Kapost surveyed has a one-person content marketing staff. One in ten has no full-time staff member -- it’s someone doing all the content marketing work part-time.   Related: 10 Questions to Ask When Hiring an SEO Consultant Because the one-person shop is so common, let’s look at some of the basic skills you’ll want in your solo hire. The one-person content marketing department. There’s some debate about who you should hire first – a content marketing manager or writer. The Kapost survey indicated 41 percent of companies bring in a writer first and add the manager position later on. You can create a great one-person shop by hiring an experienced content marketing manager who has skills in writing, SEO, social media, websites, strategic planning and basic design. Bring in freelancers or agency help to assist with the overflow.  Think one person can’t do all that? Here are a few companies that have done it well: Smarter Finance USA’s sole employee, Rob Misheloff, got a little help from an outside strategist and rapidly grew his small business finance services. Climb Healthy is a great example of a solopreneur and coach who does her own content marketing.  Pet Relocation has a full-time content marketing specialist. The company uses lots of user-generated content to get traffic from social media. (See one of their Pinterest boards below.) They also leverage an Oracle system that serves up customized content based on users’ location. Related: SEO Is Now 'Search Experience Optimization' A content marketing staff of two. Your content marketing manager did a little writing and a lot of strategy, but your next hire should be an experienced writer who can focus exclusively on content creation. You need great content that can stand out online and be worth reading and sharing, so your writer should be someone who intimately knows your niche and knows how to talk to your audience. Because niche is so important, some companies opt to hire a subject matter expert to do the writing and then bring in an editor to polish the material. Related: The Top 4 Reasons SEO Is Dead Your writer and/or editor should also some experience with SEO items such as keyword research and writing title tags and meta descriptions. The rest of the team. After you’ve got those two roles filled out, consider the next hires: Analytics and search engine optimization. This should be one job since SEO optimization is so intricately linked to tracking conversions and content marketing ROI. Social media manager / community manager. As your audience grows, the social media workload will grow, too. Designer/Developer.  Somebody’s got to make all this content look good. Managing editor. This hire may become necessary if you manage a large publication that gets content from contributing writers. Director of content marketing / Chief content officer. This individual may take over defining and planning the content marketing goals and strategy. As that happens, this role becomes more like a project manager.
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How To Manage Feedback — Guide To Clients’ Hearts And Minds

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Knowing how to gather and manage feedback is one of the keys to retain your clients. Polished process for gathering and managing feedback will help you make better design decisions and understand your client. You will gain better insights into their needs, wants and desires. Also, the way you understand and manage feedback also says a lot about you as a designer and as a person. Is there a good feedback? One of the most parts of design process is how to gather and then manage feedback. This is also one of the most difficult parts of any design work. Another thing that makes the ability to manage feedback even more difficult is that it is hard to draw precise line for quality feedback. Meaning, there are designers complaining about their clients not giving them any feedback at all. Then, there are other designers complaining because their clients are acting like control freaks. The good news is that there are also designers who greatly appreciate their clients and feedback they got from them. Therefore, there has to be something designers from the previous two groups (and other people working in creative industries) can do to get themselves into the third group. There has to be something that will help you gather and manage feedback in a way that will have the potential to improve your work. This process starts with setting the ground. Setting the ground for good feedback We are not born with library of knowledge about how to give or manage feedback. We have no frameworks for such a skill. Another issue is that the ability to gather and manage feedback is not part of the majority of jobs. This makes this skill overlooked by schools and training programs. Some designers have the luck of learning this skill while studying design. Others have to teach themselves this skill on the job. Your first lesson starts right in the beginning of the project. When you take on new project, you should do two things. First, you should explain your design process to your client. Doing so will help your client understand all the parts and pieces that needs to be put together in order to come up with desired outcomes. Explaining your design process will also give your client a better idea about how much time each phase of the process is going to take. Lastly, it will help your client understand what will you need to get the job done. The second thing on your to-do list should be explaining how important feedback is to make your process work. The majority of client will expect doing some kind of revision or review. Despite that, it is still a good idea to make it clear that, at some point, you will need to gather and manage feedback from your client. This will help you avoid potentially uncomfortable situations. You may assume that your clients know that you will need his feedback, but your client may assume something different. It is always better to say it explicitly. Understanding the past for better future A good thing to do is asking your client if he hired designer in the past. If the answer is positive, ask how long ago it was. Next, ask your client how often he works with designers. In case your client has no experience with hiring a designer, ask him whether he has any experience with giving feedback in general. Do this also if your client has experience with hiring and working with designer. You need to understand what your client perceives as a feedback. The fact that your client has a decent amount of experiences of working with freelance designers may not actually be good news for you. The reason is that many freelance designers have different approaches to feedback. I worked with only a few freelance designers. Despite this small sample, I was already able to find designers who didn’t care about asking for feedback, not to mention learning how to manage it. These designers were working in vacuum, which is probably one of the reasons their designs didn’t work and clients hired me. Anyway, what I want to say is that clients may have different perceptions of good feedback because there is no established “best practice” for how to gather and manage feedback. Maybe this article will help create it. You need to learn about clients experiences to find and fix any gaps or weaker places in client’s perception of good feedback. Only when you have an overview of client’s experiences and fixed the gaps you can move to the next step and establish feedback cycle. Establishing feedback cycle The goal of establishing feedback is creating a process that will help you gather and manage feedback. It is important to make sure this feedback cycle will work for you as well as your client. Feedback cycle is composed of three simple steps. The first step is presentation of your outputs. The second step is client’s review of your outputs. The final step is taking the feedback, applying it to your outputs and iterating (repeating the cycle). The key of this cycle is about mutual agreement on how long it will take your client to give you feedback after presentation of your work. Let me give you personal example. In my work, I like to create feedback cycle that is based on forty-eight hours. This means that when I present any output to my client, he has forty-eight hours (response time) to review it and tell me his thoughts, options and suggestions. Then, I will change or adjust the outputs and repeat the cycle. The main benefit of establishing feedback cycle with shorter response time is that it will help you sustain momentum and keep the project going. The problem may arise if you are working with bigger company that has more stakeholders. This is something I have to deal with now. The only acceptable and sustainable solution is to find a compromise. You have to sit down with all stakeholders and find response time for feedback cycle that will work for everyone and still allow the project to meet the deadlines. The last condition is important. All stakeholders have to understand that longer response time in feedback cycle can result in moving deadlines and project completion date. Sometimes, longer feedback cycle can also result in budget increase. The reason is that there are phases in design process where every iteration has its cost. One example can be user research, or user testing. The longer the cycle, the more time you need to pay to participants of the research or testing. Make sure your client understands this. Lastly, put your agreement on feedback cycle into your contract. Unexpected stakeholders It is often safe to say that the number of stakeholders is higher than you think it is. Meaning, you may think there is only one person you are dealing with. Then, you will almost accidentally find out that there is someone else behind the curtain about whom you didn’t know. Some freelance designers will tell you that this is almost common practice. You take on new project. Everything works well and smoothly. Then, you send your client first results of your work. This is the moment of surprise. Your client will tell you that he needs to discuss it with his partner. This moment is avoidable to some degree. At the beginning of every project, you need to find out who on the client side provides input, who gives feedback and who approves everything. As you will gain more experience, it will also be easier for you to find out people who may decide to step into the project later on. My advice is that you should discuss this with your client and make it absolutely clear whether they will be involved or not. Then, you have to remind your client this decision when he will change his mind. One approach that will help you gather and manage feedback, I learned from Mike Monteiro, is to involve as many people as possible in the early phases of the project. Then, when you should decrease this number of stakeholders when you get to feedback cycles. Keep in mind that there will be a lot of people on the side of your client who will want to stay involved just to push their ideas. Some of them may not even care about the project so much. They just want to be heard. The problem with these people is that they can cause troubles in the end of the project if they are not allowed to share their ideas. If you want to avoid unnecessary delays in finishing the project, I suggest that you let these people share their ideas in the beginning. Then, you and your client can discuss these ideas and decide whether to use them or not. Clients and giving feedback Telling your client that you need their feedback is useless. It is like asking someone who never used thermostat to set temperature. Sure, no problem. Just tell me how your thermostat works and what temperature do you like. The same applies to getting feedback from your client. Your client need you to tell him explicitly what kind of feedback are you looking for. And, please don’t use terms such “open-minded” or “constructive”. This will not help your client at all. If you want to really help your client, you should provide him with guidance and structure for feedback. And, the sooner you will provide your client with this guidance, the higher is the chance that you will get the right kind of feedback. Providing your client with guidance for feedback will give the project momentum and keep it going. Feedback guidance can also save a lot of time that could be otherwise wasted. It is important to assure your client that it’s completely fine that he knows nothing about design. Whether your client has any knowledge about design is irrelevant. Tell your client that you need his opinion on area where he is an expert. This area is his business. Design is successful only if it meets the business goals set for the project. This is the only thing that matters in the end. It is also why you are always choosing metrics in the beginning of the project. Another reason that your client may not be comfortable providing you with feedback is that for him “design” is almost synonym for art. This perception can make many people feel uncomfortable. In order to make it easier for your client, remind him that you are looking for opinions of business expert, and he is an expert on his business. You are the expert on design. Client who feels comfortable will be less likely to look for help among his friends and family. He will focus on business and goals for the project. Guidelines for feedback The goal of guidelines is to specify what is helpful to talk about, what is important, what needs clarification and what is a waste of time. Remember that clients will appreciate your effort to save their time. Therefore, providing your clients with guidelines for feedback will make them happy and more satisfied with your services. Happy client means higher chances for more work in the future. Let me give a few examples of what to focus on in your guidelines for feedback. First, discuss with your client the overall tone of the design. Is it congruent with his brand? Or even better, does the website evoke the same feeling like his company? Can he feel the same atmosphere and emotions? Does he have the same experience? Second, discuss with your client the voice. Is the design using the right form of language in the right way? Is it friendly? Is it trustworthy? Is it playful? Or, is it boring? Is it serious? Is it bold? Or, is it conservative? Is it authoritative? Third, discuss with your client the structure. Is the structure of the design too dense? Is it not dense enough? Is the structure laid in logical way? Is the structure easy to understand? Is the structure missing anything? What feelings does it evokes? These are just a few examples you can ask your client to focus on. I’m sure that you will find dozens more. Guidelines for feedback should also say what your client should ignore at the moment. Again, I will give you couple examples. Let me quickly mention that you should not use lorem ipsum or any other placeholder content in your design. As we discussed in Web Design Process Pt3, you should always work with real content. If your client has older content, you can use that in your design. If not, ask your client to take care about it or you can create the content (and charge for it) if you are really good at copywriting. Otherwise, ask your client to hire professional copywriter. It will be good investment. Anyway, if you are using some placeholder for content, ask your client to ignore it for now. The same applies to specific labels. Second, ask your client to ignore any missing elements in the layout. You need feedback on only those parts that are present in the design. Third, ask your client to ignore anything you didn’t show him. Don’t talk about or contact page if your presentation doesn’t include neither of them. Focus current feedback session only on what is included in your presentation. Don’t waste time with something else. Tips for guidelines for feedback Last couple things for guidelines for feedback … Before you ask your client for feedback it is good idea to discuss his personal preferences. Personal preferences can and probably will influence client’s opinions and feedback. It is good to know about these preferences so you can spot them and double-check everything with your client. On one hand, guidelines for feedback shouldn’t be too long. It should not give you additional work and it should not take your client a week to read it. On the other, these guidelines should also not be too short. These guidelines have to contain enough information so your client will understand it. Otherwise, it will not help you gather and manage feedback. It is about finding the happy medium. If you decide to create and use these guidelines for feedback with your clients, which I recommend, be prepared that you will have to adjust these guidelines for every client because every client and project is different. The upside is that, despite the necessity of doing these adjustments, these guidelines will save you a lot of time and potential headaches. The best way to find out how much adjusting is needed is by going over the guidelines with your client. Don’t leave this to email communication. There may be parts of guidelines your client will think he understands and, therefore, not ask you about. It will be during the first feedback cycle when you will see that something is wrong. It is always better and safer to discuss these matters either in person or via video hangout or call. Let me give you one last tip for guidelines for feedback. Your client will often, if not almost always, give you feedback on things you asked them to ignore. The reason for that is that these things that should be ignored at the moment are often those that disturb your client the most. It is almost like asking your client to not to think about blue elephant. They can’t help, but think about it. The best is to accept it and say thank. Then, you can ignore these information until the time is right. How to deal with prescriptive feedback It will happen quite often during your design career that your clients will give you ideas to ix problems instead of feedback. This is also known as prescriptive feedback. I would say that there are two types of designers. Those who complain about this type of feedback and those who didn’t get it yet. The problem with prescriptive feedback is that it harms your ability to gather and manage feedback in a way that will benefit the project. How do you want to find a solution for any problem if your client is telling you his solution instead of telling what the problem actually is? In situations such as these, we should remember that our clients are not experts in giving feedback. What’s more, clients are often the ones who are solving problems in their businesses. Therefore, it is natural for them to provide you with potential solutions instead of feedback. One way to avoid this is by letting your client know that he hired you to solve these problems. Let your client know, in a polite way, that when something is not working he will tell you about it and you will take care about it. Make it clear that you want to earn your money. You can put all this in your guidelines for feedback. In a fact, I would recommend that you that, just to make sure. The same applies to situation when client is trying to make design decisions for you. In other words, when your client will start to talk to your work. This can happen for three reasons. First, your client doesn’t trust you. Second, your client doesn’t trust your design process. Third, your client thinks he has to do it all by himself (he doesn’t trust you or anyone else). Possible solution for the first two reasons is having serious conversation with your client. You have to find out what is the problem, what is the thing your client has doubts about. If your client doesn’t trust your design process, find what phase causes problems. Then, educate your client again about your design process. Go over everything and clarify it. If your client doesn’t trust you, you have to find out why. Has he no confidence in your abilities and skills? Is it something personal? Is there any problem in communication? Professional as usually Solving these issues is nothing pleasant. However, ignoring them and continuing in the project will lead to much bigger issues. It can also result early termination of your contract. Therefore, it is worth the discomfort to dive deep, find the hidden problem and fix it before it is too late. One advice I got when I started in design and web development was to never take business-related things personally. I suggest that you do the same. No matter how obnoxious your client may become, for whatever reason, you have to stay calm and maintain your professionalism. Instead of yelling at your client or writing angry emails switch your focus from yourself and your emotions to your client. First, ask yourself whether you did something that could cause your client to behave in this way. Did you missed a meeting or deadline? Should you send him your work for review and feedback? Did you accidentally add one more zero to the invoice? Maybe your client misunderstood something you wrote him. Go through last few days and think about what could make your client angry. What if you will not find anything that could make your client angry? Well, there is almost an infinite number of factors not related to you or the project that could make your client angry. Can you control these factors? No, but you can control your own reactions. Remember that it is up to decide how will you respond when your client will write you angry email. One option is to let yourself be carried away with your emotions and do something you may regret later. Another option is to stay cool and act like a professional. Then, you will be able to assess the situation, analyze it objectively and find out what the problem is. It will sometimes look like you are rather a psychiatrist than designer. Get used to that. As a designer, part of your job is to deal with people and their emotions. So, a little bit of knowledge from psychology will be useful. One last thing. Remember that you can always walk away if the work becomes unbearable. How to get feedback on time Getting feedback on time is crucial to gather and manage feedback. How can you increase the probability of getting feedback on time? As we previously discussed, the best way to get feedback on time is to set a specific deadline for feedback and create feedback cycle. Then, any time you will ask your client for feedback, remind him how much time he has to review your work. The key to successful (web) design project is absolute commitment to meeting the deadlines on both sides. We often talk about commitment and meeting deadlines only from the side of the designer. I think that this is a mistake. We need to acknowledge that there are always at least two parties included in the project. Designer is only the first half. The other half is the client and other stakeholders. Fifty percent is often not enough to get the project from start to finish. This is achievable only when both sides of the table are willing to commit to project and work together. Let your client know that if something happens, that might impact the deadline, you need to know about it. It is also a good idea to ask your client in the beginning of the project whether is the project tied to any other event. Client’s projects can be tied to launch of a project for example. The same thing applies to you as well. If you know that there is something that may delay the work, let your client know about it. There are many acceptable reasons for missing the deadline. There is none for not telling your client that you will not be able to meet the deadline. If you find yourself in situation where reviewing your work takes your client too long (more than five or six days), it can be sign of two things. First, it can be sign that your client has something more important to do. In that case, I suggest that you do two things. Get in touch with your client and discuss with your client how important the project is for him and what priority it has. Then, depending on client’s answer, you can continue in work in the same fashion. Do this if the project is really important for your client and he wants and needs to get it done. Otherwise, you should start to think about this project as something secondary. If the project is not important for your client, you can almost think about it as a side project. Next, find another project that will allow you to make enough money to cover expenses. It is possible that the project you are currently working on will not be capable doing it. It is also possible that this project will take more time than you think. The less important the project is for client, the less he will push it. The second reason it takes too long to your client to review you work is that he is trying to find solutions. In this case, get in touch with your client and remind him that you want him to comeback with questions and things he think doesn’t work, not solutions. Also, offer him your help. Many clients will try to fix the problems immediately instead of telling you about them. It is up to you to tell them that that is your job and they just have to say what doesn’t work. Reading client’s feedback When you finally get client’s feedback, it is time to sit down and get into it. I forgot to mention this. Always ask your client to write down the feedback. It can be in text document or right in the email. Never accept spoken form of feedback. One benefits of written feedback is that writing helps organize thoughts and explore them more in-depth. Second benefit is that you can always go back to feedback with fresh eyes and mind. This is something every designer should do. The most productive way to manage feedback or “use it” is by going through it couple times with breaks or various length inbetween. This will help you create more objective and less biased opinion. You will be also able to get more from it if you are fresh rather than exhausted after whole day of hard work. Sometime, for some designers, even time when you read the feedback can make a difference. It may be better to read it in the morning, afternoon or evening. Experiment with different approaches and find what works best for you. When you decide to read client’s feedback, make sure you are relaxed and rested. Always keep in mind that you both are working toward the same goal. Your client is not trying to make your work harder. Although, it can look like it sometimes. When it comes to quality of the feedback, remember that there is no training for giving feedback. You are probably the first person who gave them any training at this skill. So, take it easy and stay calm. My last advice for reading client’s feedback is to read the whole document in one sitting first. Read it at least twice and do it in private. Never read the feedback in front of your team or anyone else. Also, remember that making fun of your client will only harm you. You should be grateful that your client took the time and at least tried to help you. He had no obligation to do that and it was not something he would love to do. Take all of this into account and your clients will love you. Making sense of feedback You got the feedback from your client. You got through it couple times. The next step to manage feedback in the right way is to make sense of it, or organize it. This requires that you separate actionable feedback from non-actionable. When you find areas where your client was basically documenting his thought process, feel free to quickly skim it. There is small amount of lessons you can take from client’s thought process. Learning about client’s thought process can help you understand how he perceives the design and how usable it is. However, your client will probably not be the user of your design. If you want to learn about usability of your design, you need to get right to the core and do user testing. At this moment, you have to focus on the actionable parts of the feedback. When you have all the actionable feedback on one place, it is time to create three simple lists for further work. The first list will contain all changes, adjustments or additions that needs to be done. All these items are clear and you don’t need any additional information to get them done. The second list will contain everything that goes against the goals of the project, design conventions or client’s brand. This list is also place where you can put bad ideas that are just not realistic or useful. Next, prepare solid reasons why you shouldn’t follow the idea for every item on this list. You have to convince your client to drop these ideas. You can do that only with solid and reasonable support. The third list is for issues you don’t understand. A good advice for every designer is to never try to read client’s mind. If you don’t understand something in client’s feedback, put it on this list. When you finish the feedback, take this list get in touch with your client and ask for more information about every issue on the list. It is good to take a break before you do that. Sometimes, some issues will become clearer when you give your thoughts time to settle. If not, get ask your client. Reviewing feedback with your client Many designers will never get back to client’s feedback after reading it and doing some adjustments or changes. This is a mistake. Don’t do that. If you want to manage feedback in the right way, you have to work with it continually. Part of this work is getting in touch with your client again and going over the feedback with him. Don’t be afraid of being too “talkative”. Your client is much more likely to appreciate your effort and pay for your services if you are communicative person. Also, every time you get in touch with your client is huge opportunity to build trust and strengthen your relationship with your client. The best way way to get in touch with your client is in person. Phone or video call are second best options. What you want to avoid is long thread of emails or messages. You can’t sustain this way of communication in the long-term, definitely not in the terms of feedback. Another reason for reviewing feedback in person or vie call or hangout is that nobody likes email. Show me at least three people who love to go to their mailboxes every day. Anyway, let’s get back to feedback review. Always start the review by thanking your client for providing his feedback. Next go through the first list with issues you can fix or change immediately. It is better to start with something that’s quick win and that will make your client happy. Trust me, you will need to work client’s happiness and mood for next two lists. There is one exception to this rule. If you know about any issue with significant impact that needs to be solved first, don’t delay. Discuss it first, no matter how uncomfortable it may be. Next step of this review and manage feedback process is going through list number two. This list contains items you either disagree with or go against the goals of project or your client or design conventions. Present every issue on this list with rational reason why it is a bad idea to do that. Support your claim with evidence gathered through search for relevant information. Then, describe your client how this or that can go against or harm his business or brand. Make brief case study for every issue with sufficient amount of possible consequences. The last step is going through the third list containing issues you didn’t understand. Approach every issue on the list with question starting with “what” instead of “why”. Questions starting with “why” are useful, but can also push your client into defense. So, instead of asking “Why do you thing …?” ask “What makes you think that …?” Remember to keep the conversation comfortable for your client. Don’t make him feel the need to defend himself or his opinions. Instead, be curious and ask for what reasons lead him to think in that way. Your clients will love you for that. It is probable that you will not win every time. There will be times when your client will insist on changes you don’t like. This is normal. Take it as an opportunity to learn which issues are worth fighting for and which you can win. This is part of learning how to manage feedback … Knowing what to hold on to and what to let go. The final step is to write all decisions on which you agreed with your client and send it to your client so you both are on the same page. That’s it. Closing thoughts on how to manage feedback Learning how to gather and manage feedback can help you make your work and communication with your clients easier than ever before. Creating guidelines for feedback will help your client understand what information are you looking for. As a result, the process of sharing feedback with you will become more comfortable for your clients. The happier your clients will be, the more pleasant it will be to do the work. This is the win-win situation we as designers should strive for. Thank you very much for your time. Take the first step toward improving your design, development and business skills and subscribe to my blog. Originally published at Alex Devero blog.
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The Highest-Tech Stadium In Sports Is Pretty Much A Giant Tesla

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For an arena that will soon play host to more than 17,500 fans nightly, the new Golden 1 Center doesn’t make a huge first impression. Sacramento Kings owner Vivek Ranadive may have likened his team’s new arena to the Roman Colosseum, and it may be a much-needed cultural centerpiece for a city that desperately needs one, but the arena feels almost modest in its proportions. Except for what’s underneath. Construction on the Golden 1 Center began in October 2014 after the city fought successfully to keep the Kings in Sacramento. Eventually Sacramento officials promised $255.5 million to the project, which Kings president Chris Granger says will be a billion-dollar project in all. And a not insignificant amount of that money is going toward building what the team hopes will be the most technologically advanced sports arena ever built. More NBA Techies Are Trying to Turn the NBA Into the World’s Biggest Sports League What the NBA Knows About China That Silicon Valley Doesn’t Three Ideas for Remaking the Three-Point Shot In addition to the arena, crews are bustling to build a 16-story hotel, an open mall for restaurants and shops, and a plaza on the 1.5 million-square-foot site in the dead center of the city. (If you search Google Maps, the Golden 1 Center is directly underneath the word “Sacramento.”) When it’s done, the team hopes the arena will feel like not just a place for basketball but a space that’s woven into the fabric of the city—not just physically, but digitally. The challenge with building tech into a project as massive and expensive as a sports arena is that tomorrow’s advances become yesterday’s relics. Ranadive and company have set themselves the formidable task of not only building today’s most up-to-date technology into the Golden 1 Center but creating an edifice flexible enough to adapt to what the future brings. That means building an arena that doesn’t just have concrete at its core. It also has code. Slide: 1 / of 6 . Caption: Sacramento Kings Slide: 2 / of 6 . Caption: Sacramento Kings Slide: 3 / of 6 . Caption: Sacramento Kings Slide: 4 / of 6 . Caption: Sacramento Kings Slide: 5 / of 6 . Caption: Sacramento Kings Slide: 6 / of 6 . Caption: Sacramento Kings Advertisement Related Galleries The Architect of These Monstrous, Alien Cities Is an Algorithm This 24-Hour Clock Will Help You Slow Down Dude Swipes Right Non-Stop to Create a Tinder Fever Dream Slide: 1 / of 6 Caption: Sacramento Kings Slide: 2 / of 6 Caption: Sacramento Kings Slide: 3 / of 6 Caption: Sacramento Kings Slide: 4 / of 6 Caption: Sacramento Kings Slide: 5 / of 6 Caption: Sacramento Kings Slide: 6 / of 6 Caption: Sacramento Kings Related Galleries The Architect of These Monstrous, Alien Cities Is an Algorithm This 24-Hour Clock Will Help You Slow Down Dude Swipes Right Non-Stop to Create a Tinder Fever Dream 7 Gameday 2016 One day this fall, here’s the way Granger and his team hope you’ll spend an evening. You unlock your phone, open up the Kings app, and look for tickets. You buy them (and a parking pass) in the app, which is connected to the team’s loyalty program, so you’re automatically on the list for last-minute ticket upgrades. As you approach the stadium, your phone buzzes: a notification from the team telling you which lot’s the easiest to park in right now. You park, walk up to the arena, scan the ticket displayed on your smartwatch and stroll through the turnstile. Your app guides you to your seat and asks if you want a hot dog or a foam finger. Attendants can bring either one to your seat in a few minutes. You’re late, but that’s fine; the app has replays and stats. Or you can just look up at the 84-foot (that’s foot, not inch) screen that’s carefully designed to make sure you can see it perfectly no matter where you are in the stadium. (Or out of the stadium—more on that in a minute.) 'Every single night, your Tesla updates. So we need to have that same philosophy when it comes to our arena.' If you would rather just watch people play basketball, says Kings CTO Ryan Montoya, that’s fine. People experience games, concerts, fights, monster truck rallies, and everything else lots of different ways. But one thing’s constant today: people want to stay connected. They want to send and receive texts, snaps, Instagrams, and Ellos. (Probably not so many Ellos.) The arena’s job is to enable those connections. “That’s our philosophy,” Montoya says, “that the fans would only be limited by their own devices.” So they’ve run 650 miles of fiber-optic cable and 300-plus miles of copper throughout the arena, and have put hundreds of Wi-Fi access points around the building. “A lot of systems—point of sale systems, building automation—a lot of that gets moved to Wi-Fi because it’s so reliable,” says Matt Eclavea, the team’s vice president of technology. There’s a 6,000-square-foot data center in the stadium. Another giant room will house a monstrous DAS (distributed antenna system) that will bring cell service to every nook and cranny of the building. The connection, the team says, will be enough to send 500,000 Snapchats per second. Which is probably enough. Sacramento KingsEclavea and his team have tried at every turn to future-proof their system. “A lot of thought goes into what it’ll look like in five years,” Eclavea says. “I want to put it in now. It’s a lot easier than dealing with sheet rock.” He points to two racks a few feet below the ceiling that run the length of a sparse concrete hallway underneath the seats. These are for carrying an impossible number of cables—not just now but even more years from now. When I ask how much bandwidth he expects a full house will use when the arena opens, he holds up his thumb and index finger, almost touching, and squints through them. “Hardly any.” Eclavea says Golden 1 Center’s setup has enough headroom for 10, even 20 years of innovation before anything could possibly overwhelm their network. They’re working with cutting-edge Wi-Fi standards like 802.11ac, and even truly bleeding-edge ones like small cell networking. “A lot of these things aren’t even commercially available,” Eclavea says. Given that Qualcomm chairman Paul Jacobs is an investor in the team, and that Ranadive made his fortune in software and analytics, it’s not surprising that there’s a constant drive toward the next thing. A fast network that never fails happens to be good for a lot more than just Instagram. Around Golden 1 Center, nearly every object—from the turnstiles that let people in the building to the lines outside the bathrooms to that 84-foot screen—is connected in some way, feeding streams of data back into the system. From a centralized command center in the bowels of the arena, a group of employees will sit at a bank of 20 or so screens and watch everything that’s happening everywhere. They’ll be able to redirect people to shorter concession lines, stream live video to fans’ phones, and run sales on merch when t-shirts just aren’t flying off the shelves. Eventually, a sufficiently fast network could even make Golden 1 Center an ideal home for new kinds of events. “We want to be able to host e-sports, drone racing, and stuff like that,” Montoya says, “and for that you need a lot of bandwidth.” He mentions how he’s seen Tim Cook and others botch demos because of bad Wi-Fi at press events and extends an invitation. “They can come here and launch a product, and it’ll work.” Sacramento KingsThe City’s Stadium Beyond the massively torrent-friendly Wi-Fi speeds, Granger seems most proud of the arena’s eco-friendly initiatives. He wants to be the first-ever stadium certified LEED Platinum, the industry’s highest recognition of environmental friendliness. For starters, Golden 1 Center is entirely solar-powered: panels will cover the roof, and Sacramento’s 300 days of sunshine will provide 15 percent of the necessary power. The rest will come from a local solar farm. To conserve water, they’re installing low-flow toilets. They’re cooling the arena from underneath rather than with giant air-conditioners in the ceiling. (One nifty upside of that feature: Granger says eventually each section will be able to set its own temperature by voting in the app.) Stadium kitchens will source nearly all their food from suppliers less than 150 miles away. Don’t worry, you’ll be able to get nachos, they’ll just be farm-to-table nachos. The Kings want to be good Sacramento citizens, creating a building that represents the people inside. Even what it means to be “inside” is a complicated question at Golden 1 Center. The whole facade is decorated with small holes that make the building itself feel like a canopy of trees. Giant hangar doors—made by Schweiss Doors, which made something similar for Elon Musk’s SpaceX hangars—will fold up at the front of the arena so that anyone outside can see all the way in to the jumbotron. Large, angled windows jut out of the sides of the arena. “The whole idea is anywhere you are outside, you can see inside,” Granger says. “And anywhere you are inside, you can see outside.” They’re already talking with musicians about what it means to play a concert for the fans both inside and outside the arena. What can you do with the two 25-foot LED screens just outside the front doors? Or the nearly 600 other screens throughout the building? No one knows the answers, because no one’s ever had this much tech to play with before. The Self-Updating Stadium The “highest-tech stadium” is an award no one ever gets to keep for long, but the Kings are definitely going to get it for a while. Before starting work on Golden 1 Center, the Kings crew toured a number of others, like nearby Levi’s Stadium and Amway Arena in Orlando. Both are brand-new, highly connected arenas, and the Kings wanted to outdo both. More bandwidth, more servers, better infrastructure. They wanted a bigger screen than the 160-footer in Dallas Stadium, too, but NBA guidelines wouldn’t allow it. Although, Montoya says gleefully, his is higher-res: 32 million pixels compared to 25 million in Dallas. Take that, Jerry Jones. The team still has lots of ideas, even as we walk through the construction site. The best thing about making so much of the arena’s functionality dependent on software is that they can upgrade it later without needing to build anything physically new. Right now, after many years of wrangling and a few of construction, the clock’s ticking on Golden 1 Center. No, there’s literally a clock, ticking down to the moment Paul McCartney hits the stage on October 4th. When I first meet Montoya, he rattles off that he has 127 days left like it’s the only number he can think about. That’s 127 days left to build an arena that will last for decades. That will only get better over time. “Let’s look at Tesla,” Ranadive told his team a while ago. “Every single night, your Tesla updates. So we need to have that same philosophy when it comes to our arena: every single night, the arena updates and improves itself.” If it all works, most fans will never even think about the technology. They’ll just come in, easily find their way to their seat, and enjoy the game in any low- or high-tech way they please. Then they’ll go home happy, full, and foam-fingered, and Granger, Montoya, Eclavea will sleep soundly. Though they’ll probably put in some more fiber first, just in case.
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How Netflix Is Winning Social Media [Case Study]

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Do you do Netflixing? Founded in the U.S. in 1997, the Internet subscription video-streaming and DVD-by-mail giant, often referred to as “the biggest video rental store” in the world, has revolutionized the way we watch, pay for and talk about our favourite TV episodes and film productions. No cables, no long-term contracts, no commitment, just pure entertainment that can be all summed up with 4 simple words: watch-what-you-want. Netflix offers something what Chris Kerns, VP of Research & Insights at Spredfast, correctly called “entertainment as a utility” — you can turn it on or off whenever you want. And this is exactly what Netflix’s social media strategy stands for. “Netflix has one goal on social media, to be entertainment’s biggest fan”, they declare proudly as a multiple nominee and the winner of “The Best in Social Media” in Creative Use of Technology by the The Shorty Awards. How is Netflix winning social media? How do they engage with the fans? Stay with us, bring your own popcorn and inspire your own social media strategy with the case study based on Netflix’s social media best practices. Do not give up if you are not in the media business, as a social marketer or fan you can always learn something valuable from other industries. Sourcing and combining ideas from apparently distant areas oftentimes brings innovation to live! Netflix’s Social Media Strategy As opposed to the traditional television that allows social media networks to release only information parallel to a show’s plot, Netflix releases all episodes at once and this forces the brand’s social media marketing team to take their strategy a level up. The point here is to plan and structure campaigns in the way that allows keeping the consistent flow of fans engagement, both at the very premier of the shows as well as after the initial binge. Often, adding “a wink” to their communication, Netflix does a great job on social as the following numbers prove themselves: 81 million subscribers and counting, more than 23 million Fans on Facebook, 2.03 million Followers of the Netflix US Twitter account and 1.7 million enthusiasts on Instagram Netflix US account! Let’s have a closer look into the Netflix’s social media tactics by analysing their activity on each of the main platforms. Facebook As you can guess from the numbers above, Facebook is the Netflix’s main social media network. In just one year they gained just under a million of new U.S. Facebook users and seven million new global Facebook followers. Netflix uses geo-targeting for their Facebook Pages. Splitting the content into the regions, they offer only the most relevant information to the target audience. Content & Engagement Every three-and-a-half hours some new Netflix’s content is posted somewhere on the Internet. At least that is what they say. However, when it comes to the Facebook Pages, this frequency varies. The U.S. Page is, indeed, kept very fresh and dynamic, while for example for the Polish region (Netflix entered the market in the beginning of 2016) at the time of writing this article, the last post was created on the 14th of April, more than a month ago (ouch!) The U.S. Facebook Page is a mix of videos, gifs and occasionally images, all related to the currently streaming episodes and movies. They often use a dedicated hashtag such as #‎NowOnNetflix, or hashtags inspired by the movie titles: ‪#‎TheDoOver or ‪#‎PeakyBlinders. What I like a lot is that they let their fans be a part of the family by sharing with them the behind-the-scene stories. Like this one, where Director of Content Acquisition, John Derderian explains (and gets pretty emotional about) the stories behind getting Bob Ross, a legendary American painter, and art instructor, on Netflix. Watch the video to the end and note the drop of humour here, smuggled in the question on a “fluffy cloud” that John supposedly considers himself to be. And this tone of voice continues in the answers given to the video’s comments: It also spreads across all over the Facebook page, like here, in another answer related to the Bob Ross’ teachings on Netflix: No doubts. Netflix social media engineers are certainly the “entertainment’s biggest fans” as they happen to declare. Also, the behind-the-scene content helps hem to keep their fans constantly engaged both at the show’s premier as well as after the initial binge. On social, humour is the Netflix’s trademark. It makes them very likeable and follow-able. It also proves how well they know their audience. Telling a joke is not a problem, making people laugh with it, is. You need to know people you talk to very well in order to make them laugh with your words. Netflix does people laugh and they pay the brand back with lot of LOVE: As to the engagement, Netflix answers to their Facebook Fans (the U. S Page) comments on a regular basis. You kind of feel their consent presence here. What I particularly like about their social media strategy is that not only they talk but also make an effort to listen. “And when we aren’t posting, we’re listening”, they say and it looks like this is quite true: Another example of a brand that takes social listening seriously and secures its place in the social media Champions League. Well done Netflix! Well done. Twitter On Twitter, Netflix runs multiple regional accounts, but the U. S one definitely stands out with its 2.03 million Followers count. The Brazilian one can also be proud with the 711K Followers Base, which is quite remarkable as Brazil is Netflix’s one of the most promising markets expected to generate 24.4 million subscribers by 2020. Content and Engagement Unlike Facebook, what Netflix’s team shares on Twitter does not only refer to the #‎NowOnNetflix news. This goes well, however, with their “Fans entertaining mission”. As Twitter feed, by nature, is much faster and more content-consuming than other social networks’ feeds, they skilfully fill it in with diverse bur still very relevant to their audience content. Also, Netflix on Twitter takes more of a good friend’s stand that shares some words of wisdom misted with a pinch of trendy often innovation-related topics and of course a good sense of humour like this one: or this (a friendly advice with “a wink”): They use 1:1 content cross-promotion between Facebook and Twitter U.S. accounts. Here a tweet that duplicates in 100% a Facebook post: Much can be said on the content cross-promotion, but here it works pretty well generating a decent level of retweets and likes (comparing to Facebook’s 3K likes and 2.5K shares). Important to say is that they really work hard on keeping the right balance between the cross-promoted and Twitter- exclusive content. This help them to keep their audience entertained and happy with what they are being served. And speaking of cross-promotion, I believe that they receive a lot of traffic from featured actors, celebrities, and other artists’ accounts. Influencer marketing rules apply here and Netflix knows how to harness them well. Just say the right name at the right time and watch how the social media reach grows. Look who we have here: and here (retweeted): However, what I particularly like about Netflix’s social practice on Twitter is that the brand acts as everyone’s best friend, both in relation to the “big names” in the industry as well as to any other user. Everyone gets the same attention, positive vibes and care. Netflix on Twitter celebrates friendship and encourages you to do the same regardless the fact if this involves watching together your favourite episodes or not: They keep their U.S. account quite busy and fresh posting something like 2–5 times a day, but retweeting a lot. However, apart from the obvious, industry-related names they also, surprisingly, share content also from other accounts such as National Geographic and Co.Exist, touching subjects like Drones innovations and national natural heritage and getting a really nice level of fans engagement with this practice. Have a look here: It is quite clear that Netflix has a “black belt” in understanding their Twitter’s audience, not only in the sense of their favourite TV episodes and shows but also in a much broader lifestyle sense. They skillfully use this knowledge to promote, entertain and engage. They are definitely a brand who doesn’t play safe and isn’t afraid to push the boundaries with their jokes. Everyone is a friend of Netflix on Twitter and this friendliness gets them outstanding results. Instagram Similar to Twitter, Netflix on Instagram has multiple regional accounts. Again here, the U.S. and Brazil take a lead in the Followers count with a decent level of 1.7 million and 1 million Followers, respectively. Content and Engagement On the U.S. Netflix Instagram account, they tend to post 2–4 times a week. Their content is similar to Facebook posts and includes high-quality, photoshopped images and videos mostly related to the recently streaming episodes and shows. They often link back to the featured celebrities and stars and this definitely helps them to build the reach and their audience engagement: Once in a while, they share a promotional graphic, buy even on this occasion they add some funny comment or a joke to keep their fans entertained. A lot of people enjoy the content because it relates to their sense of humour and uses the same language. Netflix’s Instagram strategy is the same as on Twitter and Facebook — to entertain. And it works well as they receive a high level of engagement on every post. Conclusions Netflix definitely knows what they’re doing on social media, and they do care about what people say and think. They have a very coherent strategy aimed to entertain their fans and this helps them to send a very clear and targeted message all over the social media universe. They successfully use influencer marketing to promote their content and they carefully plan and structure the campaigns in order to keep a continuous and remarkably high level of fans engagement. Informed by social listening they do a great job in delighting their audience with perfectly tailored offerings, language and sense of humour that gets them phenomenal results. Originally published at blog.brand24.com on June 6, 2016.
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Faking Being In The Bay Area

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There’s an endless and lively debate about the advantage of being in the SF Bay Area in SaaS. I’ve done 22 investments.  The vast majority got started outside of SF, and all but 2 moved here.  I’ve invested in founders from Paris (3x), Estonia, Portugal, London, Sweden, Belgium, Washington D.C., Chicago, New York, and more.  I used to be dogmatic.  Now my learnings and views are more nuanced.  I’ve boiled it down to this: You can build and scale great software in any Center of Excellence.  In Paris or Stockholm and certainly in New York and London (of course) and Seattle. You can sell great freemium and SMB software from any Bigger City.  If your product can be sold by new grads, and folks that don’t really need to know how to sell enterprise business process change.  The more transactional the sale, the more it’s a tool (vs. a solution), the more sales really just is sales. But … The VP level talent pool is far, far smaller once you move from Bay Area.  If you want a seasoned Director of Demand Gen or VP of Field Sales, there are 50x more in the Bay Area that have SaaS experience; and In many cases, your partners are all here.  If you are in FiServ it may not be true.  But for most business process and developer/product-centric SaaS, your partners are in the Bay Area.  From Salesforce to Netsuite to Twilio to NewRelic to Google to Facebook-for-Work to Github and LinkedIn.  They are almost all here.  And you are at a big disadvantage later, as you scale, if you out of sight and out of mind as a partner. So to me, IF smb AND not hugely dependent on partner ecosystem, THEN any great city can work with strong engineering talent.  But, IF enterprise AND bay area partner ecosystem is important, THEN not being here is a big disadvantage.  And for me, enough so I won’t invest unless at least the CEO is here, at least her. OK so assume you agree with me.  But you live in Waterloo, or Seattle.  What do you do? My suggestion — Hack it.  Pretend at least until you are $10m ARR: Take an office in SF now — even if it’s just two desks.   Now.  Have an office here. Spend a week a month here.  I know you don’t want to. Attend the key events and meetings here.  I know you don’t really want to go to them.  But gotta be present.  You really do.  AND By far most importantly — the customers and partners need to feel like you ARE here.  Whenever they need you.  Even when they don’t. This last point is far and away the most important.  If Salesforce and your Top 10 customers in tech all think you are a Bay Area company — that may get you pretty far.  I don’t mean being misleading.  What I mean is you, and the relevant parts of your team, are here so often, and whenever necessary … that your partners and top customers feel like you are just an Uber ride away. That’s hard.  But you can do it.  If you want to Go Big.  Find a way.
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Federal Reserve Bank Was Hacked More Than 50 Times Between 2011 And 2015

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Above: Federal Reserve data breaches 2011 - 2015. Image Credit: By Ashlyn Still and Jason Lange/REUTERS GRAPHICS (Reuters) – A U.S. congressional committee has launched an investigation into the Federal Reserve’s cyber security practices after a Reuters report revealed more than 50 cyber breaches at the U.S. central bank between 2011 and 2015. The House Committee on Science, Space and Technology on Friday sent a letter to Federal Reserve Chair Janet Yellen to express “serious concerns” over the central bank’s ability to protect sensitive financial information. The letter cited the Reuters report, which was based on heavily redacted internal Fed records obtained through a Freedom of Information Act request. The redacted records did not say who hacked the bank’s systems or whether they accessed sensitive information or stole money. “These reports raise serious concerns about the Federal Reserve’s cyber security posture, including its ability to prevent threats from compromising highly sensitive financial information housed on the agency’s systems,” said the letter, signed by House Science Committee Chairman Lamar Smith, a Texas Republican, and Barry Loudermilk, a Georgia Republican and chairman of the panel’s oversight subcommittee. A Fed spokesperson said the central bank had received the panel’s letter and “will respond to it.” The panel asked the Fed’s national cyber security team – the National Incident Response Team – to turn over all cyber incident reports in unredacted form from Jan. 1, 2009, to the present. It also asked for incident reports from the Fed’s local incident response teams. Global policymakers, regulators and financial institutions have become increasingly concerned about the security of the international banking system after a string of cyber attacks against banks in Bangladesh, Vietnam and elsewhere linked to fraudulent transaction messages sent across the global financial platform SWIFT. The probe into the Fed’s security practices followed a separate inquiry by the same committee into the Federal Reserve Bank of New York’s handling of the cyber theft of $81 million from one of its accounts held by the central bank of Bangladesh. The committee said it has jurisdiction over the Fed’s cyber security because the panel is tasked with oversight of the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology, an agency responsible for developing federal cyber security standards and guidelines, under a 2014 federal informationtechnology law. The panel also requested a “detailed description of all confirmed cyber security incidents” from 2009 to the present, all documents and communications referring or relating to “higher impact cases” handled by the Fed’s NIRT team, all documents and communications with the Fed’s Office of Inspector General related to confirmed cyber incidents, and an organizational chart detailing the Fed’s top cyber security personnel. The committee requested a response to its inquiry by June 17. (Click here to read the letter: http://tmsnrt.rs/1VBXvSz) The Fed’s computer systems hold confidential information on discussions about monetary policy that drives financial markets. The central bank’s staff suspected hackers or spies were behind many of the breaches, the records obtained by Reuters show. The Fed had declined to comment on the records, which represent only a slice of all cyber attacks on the central bank because they include only cases involving the Washington-based Board of Governors, a federal agency that is subject to public records laws. (Reporting by Dustin Volz and Jason Lange; Editing by David Chance and Tiffany Wu)
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A New Guide For Effective Startup planning

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Image Credit: Ivelin Radkov / Shutterstock Over the last seven years, starting around the time I began hiring people in my company, I have been on a journey to continually improve our system for deciding what to do and then doing it (preferably quickly). This planning system I devised was initially based on a presentation given to Google when they were less than a year old by legendary venture capitalist John Doerr of Kleiner Perkins. While an excellent starting point, I soon discovered this presentation was nowhere near detailed enough, and we’ve moved on dramatically since then. Given that this problem of planning and execution is critical to every company, I thought it was worth sharing the rough stages we went through. Startup days I recommend you read John Doerr’s original presentation, even though it’s relatively thin. It can be summarized as, you should have 3-5 top-level objectives, and each of these should have a couple of key results associated with it. Together these constitute a company’s Objectives and Key Results, or “OKRs”. These should then cascade down to the rest of your team, so that each team and person has OKRs. I think this is a great high-level tool for communication and focus, even in small teams. Unfortunately, when I tried to use the system as described, I had multiple questions it didn’t answer. Most importantly, when and how do you make and update these OKRs? In our company, we speak of an operational rhythm, which is essentially the set of repetitious tasks we run to keep the business working. But the OKR system has no operational rhythm at all, so we invented one. In this early stage, it was pretty simple: First thing every period, the management team meets to decide on the company OKRs. This started out as a 45-minute meeting that just recorded the goals, but it evolved into a two-day offsite where we actually decided the goals. I can’t recommend enough that you invest the time early on to think deeply as a team about what you should be working on. The rest of the company has some time to build its OKRs. Initially this was a couple of days, but now it’s a couple of weeks. These are then used to modify the company OKRs if needed. (In other words, we supported a merged top-down and bottom-up planning model.) At the end of every period, the management team records how we did against our goals. Again, this began as just writing down the score but has grown to become a more complete retrospective run by a project manager. When we began this process, we wanted very short-term plans, so we ran this cadence eight times a year; thus, we called our planning periods “octaves.” As we matured and could think and execute in a more long-term fashion, we reduced this to quarterly. I think this system is sufficient for most companies of 80 to 250 people. Some companies might grow out of this at relatively few people, whereas others might scale very well with it. I expect most people could scale this system successfully by gradually increasing the amount of time spent on each session, with more time in deep discussion — and also by assigning a project manager to run it. I ran the whole process until we were probably 250 people, which was way too late. Scaling As we scaled the company and this system, we found a few critical areas where we needed to do things very differently. In retrospect, the biggest one is incredibly obvious, and I cringe now just thinking about it. You would never try to build a product without assigning the work to individuals and, of course, you shouldn’t try to accomplish your company’s plans without assigning each objective and key result to an individual. This culture of accountability was a huge change for us – and a really positive one. Our original lack of accountability for each goal was exacerbated by the fact that we didn’t have any mechanism for in-quarter check-ins on the goals. So we built an operations review (“ops review”), where we review progress against the goals. This meeting is a predictive exercise, not a status statement. Goals are green if you expect to accomplish them on time, even if you’re still two months away from the deadline. We mostly focus just on the areas we don’t expect to hit, which allows us to invest early in correcting our execution. In one move, this meeting basically eliminated the firefighting that had driven so much of our execution. We still have fires periodically, but now they’re actual surprises, not just information surfacing to a different part of the company, or realizing at the end of the quarter that a goal dropped between the cracks. Around this time, we also significantly improved our ability to integrate the budgeting process and the planning process. It’s important to recognize they’re different — your budget should fund your plan, rather than building a budget and then planning to spend it — but you should be good at both, and it was around this stage we started to develop that skill. Finally, as we scaled, the goals tended to cascade in a very functional way, meaning that the top-level company goals quickly got expressed in terms of sales, marketing, and engineering goals. It’s important to translate plans to people and teams, but this was too direct. It encouraged silos in the company and discouraged people from building goals that relied on other teams. We rebuilt the whole goal process to be structured entirely around company goals rather than team goals, which allowed us to create higher-level objectives and encourage more collaboration. We’ve also structured our OKRs to have long-term goals (roughly three years away), which then translate into annual OKRs. Where from here? While I’m reasonably happy with the system we have today, there are still a lot of ways it can improve. The big one is that I want to build a custom app to run this whole process. We currently have to use multiple different formats and tools, because different meetings require different interactions. I’d love to have a single source of truth. In addition, I want to have the app automatically update any data so I don’t have team members doing manual work that could be automated (I mean, duh, we’re an automation company). I also want a significantly better retrospective process that truly helps us improve the business by helping us understand how our wonderfully laid plans went wrong. We are good at the work of looking back and being transparent about where we are, but there’s a lot of room for improving how we tie that work to how we operate. Lastly, I hate that our goals are built around quarters. I think having a cadence for building and validating plans is critical, but it’s silly that this cadence implies that each of our goals will take exactly a single planning cycle. Some obviously do — we have quarterly sales targets that we need to hit during exactly a quarter — but many of our top-level objectives are shoehorned into a quarterly system. I’d much prefer a Kanban-style planning system that would allow us to have a very high-fidelity plan for what we’re working on now, and a quality backlog for what we’ll do as goals complete. I hope this helps you improve your own plans and execution, even if just by convincing you that they matter. Luke Kanies is CEO and founder of Puppet.
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A Look At Apple’s Insanely Ambitious Tree-planting Plans For Its New Spaceship campus

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Above: Apple Campus 2 rendering Image Credit: City of Cupertino/Apple While construction crews work furiously to finish Apple’s mammoth new headquarters in Cupertino this year, another critical piece of the campus’ design is taking shape 100 miles to the east. In a cluster of East Bay nurseries, Apple has been growing more than 4,600 trees, which are nestled in large, wooden boxes. Some time later this year, Apple’s team of arborists will start shipping these trees two or three at time to Cupertino, where they will be painstakingly planted as part of the broader landscaping plan. The investment in these trees represents the kind of attention to detail, quality, and finish that is classic Apple. Rather than just planting seedlings and watching them develop slowly over 20 years, as many developers do, Apple is hoping to come as close as possible to creating the sensation of a thick, forest-like wonderland right from the start. Other companies and municipalities have routinely purchased and transplanted fully grown trees. In this case, it’s the scale of Apple’s landscaping plans that seem to have no precedent, arborists say. Naturally, it appears to be the kind of thing only Apple would attempt. “It’s pretty ambitious,” said one Bay Area arborist, who is familiar with Apple’s plans but asked not to be named. “Some of these development projects, they don’t see the value of transplanting these larger trees. They only see the dollars and say, ‘Oh my goodness, it’s so expensive.’ But some people recognize that if I bring in old trees, that as soon as my project opens, I’m going to have a landscape that is already pretty established.” “Apple sees that. And they’re willing to spend the money to do it right. It’s pretty exciting that they’re willing to take the extra steps.” From the moment Apple proposed its audacious new campus in 2011, it has emphasized how green it would be. Where the old property, previously owned primarily by Hewlett-Packard, was mostly concrete, the new campus will be an overwhelmingly green space for the estimated 14,000 workers who will call it home. “Today, about 20 percent of the space is landscaping, most of it is big asphalt parking lots,” cofounder Steve Jobs said when first presenting the plans to the Cupertino City Council. “We want to completely change this and make 80 percent of it landscaping. And the way we’re going to do this – we’re going to put most of the parking underground. And you can see what we have in mind. Today there are 3,700 trees on the property, we’d like to almost double that.” For Jobs, who grew up in the region, it was a chance to recapture the lost feel of an area that was once mostly open spaces and fruit orchards before it gave way to low-slung, drab office buildings. “The landscape design of meadows and woodlands will create an ecologically rich oak savanna reminiscent of the early Santa Clara Valley,” Apple said in its proposal. “It will incorporate both young and mature trees, and native and drought tolerant plants that will thrive in Santa Clara County with minimal water consumption. The increase in permeable surfaces will promote natural drainage and improve water quality in Calabazas Creek. The thoughtful and extensive landscaping will recall Cupertino’s pre-agricultural and agricultural past.” An Apple spokesman said the company had no comment at this time about its tree plans. However, official planning documents filed with Cupertino and other public records from 2013 and 2014 provide tremendous details. While it’s likely the precise numbers of trees and the exact time frame have evolved since then, the public filings still give a sense of the sweep of Apple’s ambitious tree plans. Apple has confirmed publicly that the total number of trees planted will exceed 8,000. That’s a big increase over the 3,616 that were on the land before. And it’s well over the 4,422-tree minimum that would have been required by Cupertino planning rules. Above: This rendering above is what Apple hopes the landscape will look like during the first year with the trees planted and the main building in the background. Image Credit: City of Cupertino   Above: The same view after 5 years. Image Credit: City of Cupertino To oversee its arboreal ambitions, Apple hired Palo Alto arborist Dave Muffly to be its tree whisperer. Muffly was already a well-known figure among Bay Area conservation groups, long before his Apple posting. Over the past several years, Muffly has been leading a team entrusted with implementing Apple’s tree strategy. The plan has three parts. Above: Apple arborist Dave Muffly Image Credit: Courtesy of Canopy The first part involves preserving the best trees already on the site for replanting later. According to planning documents, Apple intended to remove 3,616 trees from the land before construction could begin. Muffly selected and stored 800 of the healthiest and most attractive of those trees and “boxed” them so they could be stored in a corner of the construction site. A report from the city’s consulting arborist, Michael Bench, included photos of a couple of trees from the site being readied for transplantation to these large boxes: Above: A tree being prepared for storage at the Apple Campus 2. Image Credit: City of Cupertino As Bench explained the painstaking process in his October 2013 report: “The pipes are driven under the root ball using a pneumatic hammer. A large I-Beam will be bolted to these pipes on the 2 sides where they extend past the root ball. When it is time to transplant the trees, cranes will affix cables to the I-Beams to lift and move the tree. The root balls are being irrigated and will continue to be irrigated on a regular schedule for up to 5 years.” The second part of the strategy involves planting saplings. Apple said back in 2013 that about 960 trees planted at the new HQ would be tiny, new trees. But the third part of Duffly’s work is the biggest: The vast majority of replacement trees, about 4,640, are in various stages of being grown, according to city records. And, as Apple notes in the documents: “Trees will be planted at much larger sizes than required.” That is an understatement. The majority of trees removed (about 3,500) were put into boxes that were up to 24 inches in height. More than two-thirds of the replacement trees that Apple is growing will be in boxes ranging in size from 36 to 156 inches in height. About one-third of the trees on the campus will be evergreen oaks. There will also be 600 fruit trees, along with olive trees and conifers. The result, when the initial planting stage is completed, will be a canopy-like effect over much of the campus, even from the earliest days. But getting from here to there will still be an epic undertaking, with plenty of risks involved. Most of the replacement trees are being grown by nurseries operated by a company called Valley Crest. The majority of them are at a Valley Crest nursery site in Farmington, California (a bit east of Stockton, Calif.): Above: Valley Crest nursery near Farmington Image Credit: Google Maps About 20 percent of the trees are being grown at a Valley Crest nursery site in Sunol, Calif.: Above: Apple Campus 2 trees being grown at the Valley Crest Nursery in Sunol. Image Credit: Google Maps While some of the trees were purchased from Valley Crest’s stock, Muffly has also been scouring the West Coast for older-growth trees that could be relocated to one of Valley Crest’s sites. Bench noted in his reports that many of the oak trees had been purchased from another location near Clear Lake (to the north) and moved to the Sunol site. Some trees came from as far away as Oregon and New Mexico, Bench reported. Many of these relocated trees were already between three and seven years old when they arrived at Valley Crest. By the time these trees are planted at the Apple Campus, some could be 20 years old, Bench said. Taking care of these trees while they await their new home is laborious. Bench explained that some of the largest trees must be shifted to bigger boxes over time, often at least twice before they are planted. While touring the Sunol site back in 2013, Bench also noted: “These trees are well-spaced apart, compared to many trees seen jammed together at nursery sites. This is to assure that each tree receives full sun on all sides without being shaded by adjacent trees. This helps the trees to grow faster and have more uniform growth. Because space is a premium at wholesale nurseries, I suspect that Apple is paying additional in order to create this spacing. A large portion of the nursery at Sunol has been dedicated to growth of the Apple C2 trees.”   Above: Apple Campus 2 tree being grown at the Valley Crest nursery in Sunol. Image Credit: City of Cupertino When Apple is ready to start moving the trees, the passage will be slow and tricky, according to Mark Focht, who was president of American Society of Landscape Architects from 2012 to 2015. The trees will be lifted by cranes and placed on the back of flatbed trucks and will then be driven more than 100 miles to Cupertino. With the trees so large, only a few can fit on a single truck at a time. And the move exposes them to wind, traffic, and other variables that usually result in at least some portion of the trees being damaged or lost. Ultimately, the trees have to be maneuvered through city streets, dodging power lines and other hazards. “I have not heard of this ever being done with thousands of trees,” Focht said. “I’m sure Apple did all this vetting and planning in advance. But their transportation costs will be quite high.” However, Focht noted that this aggressive approach will offer some early dividends. For instance, the shade provided early on will help offset both heating and cooling costs for the facilities. But while Apple has been focused on making the new campus environmentally friendly, the real payoff will be creating a unique work experience in a region where the fight for talent remains enormously competitive. “This new development will provide a serene environment reflecting Apple’s brand values of innovation, ease of use and beauty,” the company wrote in its original proposal. “The entire Campus, indoors and out, is intended to promote shared creativity and collaboration and spur invention of the next several generations of Apple products.” Apple Apple designs and markets consumer electronics, computer software, and personal computers. The company's best-known hardware products include the Macintosh line of computers, the iPod, the i... All Apple news » Track Apple's Landscape to stay on top of the industry. Access the entire ecosystem, track innovation & deals. Learn more.
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The Top 5 Leadership Blogs You Should Be Reading

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A cursory search for leadership provides just short of a million resources. Indeed, the very definition of leadership comes in at least thirty-plus flavors. How does one begin to navigate the vast world of voices, articles, and tweets on leadership? Moreover, who are those communities or people that are seeking beauty along the way? Who are those innovative and brilliant thinkers among us that understand leadership can not be built, but called out of us? Of course, you may already be aware of the Michael Hyatts, Daniel Pinks and Dan Rockwells of the leadersphere — but here are the blogs you may have never heard of; these are the Top 5 Leadership Blogs you should be reading. 1. 99U This Webby-Award Winning website is equal parts creative and leadership. They provide the “missing curriculum” for building an incredible creative career — be it as a Church Planter, Designer, Entrepreneur, or Etsy Maven. What I love about 99U is their consistent language that leadership is influence, and by consequence trustworthiness. Of course, they also offer an incredible pool of excellent content from voices you’re likely to be hearing from the first time. Standout Posts . The Most Important Skill for Great Leaders? Trustworthiness. . Pay It Forward: Why Generosity Is The Key To Success . Alex Blumberg: Your Best Selling Points Are the Mistakes You’ve Made 2. Paul Sohn Paul is a Coach and Consultant who makes it his life’s work to equip, encourage, and empower leaders. His blog is undeniably full of leadership and faith that is honest and vulnerable. Every piece is as accessible as it is rich with meaning — Paul has a great way of connecting story to life experience. Making this blog a part of your regular intake will help you stay dangerously sharp in conversations around the table of leadership. Standout Posts . 27 Charts Of Communication Styles Around The World . 7 Questions To Help You Develop Your Leadership Point Of View . Why Reading Tolstoy Will Raise Your Social Skills 3. The Muse Now, The Muse is far more than a blog — they offer an extremely unique approach to helping you love your job by providing coaching and resources. It is the brainchild of Kathryn Mishew who, by all accounts, just seems like she understands how to live a life worth loving — as a Leader among leaders, nonetheless! Their writing on leadership is infused with practical insight and heartfelt inspiration. Similar to 99U’s blog, The Muse is a collective of thought leaders whose work is relentless in it’s pursuit of holistic leadership. Standout Posts . This Is How Grief Impacts the Way You Lead . 3 Ways To Prove You’re A Leader, No Matter What Your Position . 8 Surefire Signs You’re On The Path To Becoming A Real Leader 4. Leadership Now by Fast Company If you’re like me, you are familiar with Fast Company, but never knew they offered a specific channel for Leadership. Well, they do and it’s full of compelling articles, interviews, and research. They seem to have cracked the code to becoming a Big Player without losing the magic of Small Startups. Blogs from Leadership Now offer a balanced approach of top-level management and questions we all ask. Be sure to add this to your reading list soon since you have more than 600 posts to choose from. Standout Posts . How To Map Out Your Decision Making . 7 Ways To Start A Successful Side Gig . Can Creativity Really Be Taught? 5. Simon Sidek It’s true, Simon Sidek doesn’t have an official Leadership Blog — but his site offers the ability to treat it that way and that works for me. Sidek, re-creator of the Golden Circle, and author of Start With Why, is constantly pushing the Everyday Person to get at the heart of what matters, to see the very best future for themselves and others. His innovative thinking will have you asking the very best questions of yourself, your team, and the world you live in. Of course, Sidek’s website does lack a certain design aesthetic — you may want to subscribe via RSS. Standout Posts . The Definition of Purpose . Why Better Is Better Than Best . Planning Is Everything. The Plan Is Nothing This post was originally published at The Church Leadership Center.
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How Drizly Nails Its Expansion Strategy

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Image courtesy of Patrick Schöpflin By Katie Sullivan at VentureApp This post originally appeared on the VentureApp blog. Drizly, the company that delivers wine, beer, or liquor to your door in under an hour, is one of the hottest apps in the on-demand economy. Drizly has grown and expanded into new cities, capitalizing on the incredible market for booze delivery, while making the process a pleasure for both consumers and stores. In May of this year, Drizly raised $13M in a series A, bringing its total funding to $17.75M. At the time, the company planned on doubling its employee count to 70 and expanding into more than 30 markets by the end of the year. Drizly is mastering what it takes to launch and stand up a city with an on-demand offering and they have learned a lot along the way. As surprising as it might seem (who doesn’t want alcohol delivered to their doorstep?), expanding into new cities wasn’t — and isn’t — always simple. We spoke to Nick Rellas, CEO and co-founder of Drizly, about the challenges and opportunities that marketplaces experience when expanding into new cities. “Right off the bat you have to decide; do you need to scale quickly or not? Because the financial ramifications of taking a set amount of money and stretching it out over an increasing number of markets means you spend less and less per market,” said Rellas. Not all marketplaces are created equal in Rellas’ eyes. Some, like Uber for instance, are providing consumers with a commodity. For commodity marketplaces, Rellas argues that money is critical and recommends proving a model of supply & demand in one market, and then using the success of that market to fundraise for the next 5 markets, 10 markets, and so on. These marketplaces need to own the space and can’t afford for other upstarts to grab their audience across the country. For marketplaces that aren’t providing a commodity, you likely don’t need to expand to other cities overnight. Drizly’s model requires a bit more sophistication and a first-mover approach. While liquor is indeed a commodity — “Jack Daniels is Jack Daniels is Jack Daniels,” commented Rellas — the liquor stores themselves are not. Liquor stores in Boston look nothing like the huge chains that dominate the scene in Chicago. Drizly took a hard look at what it takes to be a Drizly retailer, and realized quickly that there is a finite supply of quality retailers to choose from. They needed to snag the top players, the cream of the crop, in order to satisfy the supply side of the marketplace. Speaking of which, Rellas never questioned what came first, the chicken or the egg, for his team. In Drizly’s world, it is always the chicken: if you find high quality supply, you can reach quality consumers at scale. COMPONENTS OF AN EFFECTIVE EXPANSION PLAN A lot of marketplaces like Homejoy and Lyft expanded quickly and then reversed directions, pulling out of markets, proving the model, and entering again when they were ready, if they could. The Drizly marketplace might have a unique supply & demand scenario, but they still feel growing pains. Drizly must move quick & expand fast to capture the best retailers. Rellas put it this way: at the time of our convo, they’d raised $17M and were in 17 markets. Simplistically, that amounts to about $1M per market, and when you break down the costs associated with each city, such as local employees’ salary, travel, marketing costs, operations, etc. — the cash thins out pretty quick. Further, as Drizly expands into each new market, the budget gets squeezed and funneled to cover overhead from the last city. Marketing spend for the next city is typically the first to get pinched by overhead costs of the previous city, making the act of launching and awareness itself more difficult. Because of this, Drizly takes a pragmatic approach to expanding and has operationalized just about everything they do to create a comprehensive playbook when launching a new city, reducing surprises and maximizing time & costs. FINDING CITIES Rellas and team spent a lot of time trying to understand what makes a good city, and they have gotten pretty sharp at it. They look at various factors and weigh them accordingly: population density, liquor store density, affluence, access or lack of access to Uber or other delivery services, and they even weigh how much consumers would love to avoid going to a store (i.e. do they have public transportation, is traffic bad, or is it very rural, etc.). Now, all these factors are not weighed identically, and answers to these factors do not guarantee it’s a great place for Drizly to be, but asking the questions and knowing the answers is all part of amending the playbook for that city. “If there’s a lot of liquor stores in an area, it doesn’t necessarily mean we should or shouldn’t be there, but we are able to identify corresponding factors that tip the scales in one direction,” said Rellas. The playbook guides their research and investigation of a new city, ensuring they launch in the correct areas, and enough areas, to get it right from the start. FINDING STORES “The magic of Drizly is in the experience. When alcohol shows up at your door, that’s the magic. We need special service providers, the best of the best, that help us demonstrate that magic,” said Rellas. How do they find the best of the best? Sometimes those retailers come direct to Drizly. The company’s fifth city was Indianapolis, which might seem random, but the number one liquor store in that market approached them after hearing about their success in other markets. That one retailer owned the market with many stores, and Drizly wasn’t about to say no to owning a market. It’s clear that quality suppliers are a critical component of Drizly’s expansion strategy, but in the past, when stores didn’t approach Drizly, they still had to find those rock star retailers. Rellas and team would simply map and tier out the retailers based on various criteria, such as: Do they deliver or are they open to adding delivery? This is necessary since Drizly doesn’t have its own drivers. Is the store clean and stocked pleasantly? If the store can’t take care of itself, they probably can’t take care of Drizly. Do they have a POS? Is it updated? And does Drizly integrate into it? They’ve helped retailers update or implement POS, but these are barriers and slow down the process. Do they have a wide breadth of product? Some stores might be well-loved locally but only offer 10 products, which isn’t ideal for the Drizly app experience. Are their prices relative? If they are marked up, and then Drizly has to add on a delivery fee, tip and tax, it might just be too much for the average consumer. By tiering the stores this way, Drizly was able to create a plan of attack to go after tier 1, 2, and 3 stores in their next market. But however much Drizly tried to put process around this, the team realized early on that they had to be flexible, too. For instance, a lot of markets are light on stores to choose from, and some markets have only smaller retailers. Drizly realized that they had to fit their processes to any market, meaning they also accommodate the mom & pop stores of the world. That means making small but significant changes, such as altering the legal contract to be as light as possible for those retailers. Otherwise, the legal process was too complex and fees too large for smaller retailers, slowing down the process considerably and making it harder to get to product market fit. Rellas commented, “Product market fit isn’t purely focused on the app or technology, but on the experience. If your legal strategy doesn’t fit into your service provider’s expectations, you will stunt the closing process.” FINDING PEOPLE With one or two employees involved in launching and running a market for Drizly, finding quality people is critical to the success of a launch. Drizly employs a hub-and-spoke model for their markets, leveraging a city launcher who handles the most important moment for the city — the launch — for 4–6 months. From there, the city launcher passes the baton on to a permanent market manager who runs ongoing operations. For both positions, Rellas looks for athletes on the local side. They have to be able to do a lot to ramp up, essentially growing into a mini-CEO, and also must possess the ability to specialize down the road based on the requirements & intricacies of the specific market — business development, marketing, partnerships, etc. ALLOCATING FUNDS As mentioned, money is important when expanding into each new market. Rellas stresses the importance of being generous with budget for each: “Whatever you calculate that you will spend, expect to need exponentially more. You always need more. Account for overhead so you don’t have to dip into your marketing spend.” EXECUTING AN EFFECTIVE EXPANSION PLAN With all the ingredients for a launch, Drizly calls upon its playbook to execute. With each market launch, Drizly has physically recorded every experience so that there are very little edge-cases to surprise the team down the road. LAUNCHING CITIES & STORES For every launch, Drizly observes the aspects that made the process more efficient and manufactures those aspects of a launch repeatedly for forthcoming cities. And, while every store is special, the Drizly process follows an 80/20 rule, meaning 80% of launches should be extremely operationalized, while 20% are so special that they require Drizly be flexible to deal with fragmentation. The success of that 20% comes down to the quality of people Drizly employs and their attention to detail. The process (80% of it anyways) is referred to fondly by Rellas as “store & city-in-a-box.” The store-in-a-box holds everything Drizly needs to integrate into a store — training, phones, widgets, etc. Drizly has literally put every process and edge-case down on paper and into a binder so that each launch follows as many replicable actions, procedures and exercises as possible. For most stores, they follow a self-onboarding process and can be up and running in two hours. Suddenly, Drizly is launching 4, then 17, and then 35 store integrations per city, increasing their confidence to multiply installations everywhere. PERFECTING TEAM DYNAMICS The intricacies of the playbook require that people on the ground are able to execute against and perfect the process. It’s hard for Drizly to find really good candidates for each market in time to launch the city, as the decision to launch a new city typically happens pretty quickly and requires quick turnaround for hiring. The launch, and having one city-launcher employee pass the baton to an ongoing operations manager, is arguably the most important aspect to guarantee continuation of success. Because of these time constraints, Rellas prefers that a handful of specific team members become really good at baton passing to market managers, rather than putting his eggs in one basket with individual market leaders that quickly ramp up to launch and go on to handle ongoing operations as well. By spreading the responsibilities, and honing in on specific abilities/strengths, Rellas can better guarantee success from the team. RAISING AWARENESS FOR ALCOHOL DELIVERY As part of its launch playbook, Drizly has baked driving awareness into each launch. Consumers are aware of on-demand services — most people, especially in urban areas, have access to anything they need, when and where they need it — and Drizly is able to ride on the coattails of that national awareness. But, there is still a need for awareness on the local level. “We realized pretty quickly that we were starting a new company over and over again, every time we launched a market. When you’re creating a category, you can’t assume that anyone knows what you do or why they might want it. Just because we launched in Boston, doesn’t mean anyone in Denver has any idea who we are.” But, Rellas recognizes that on-demand apps are a dime a dozen, and customers are tired as a result. So, their team implements multiple touch points with customers, assuming that if they hear about Drizly on the morning radio, they likely aren’t looking to buy alcohol at that hour, and will forget about the app/service unless they are reminded time and time again, until they need it in the moment. So, another important aspect of the Drizly marketing mix is local targeting — Spotify, Pandora, Facebook, etc. It’s no surprise that targeted posts by demographic and geography have an extremely high return. ALCOHOL-ON-DEMAND FTW So, where is Drizly today? Helping thousands of retailers in dozens of cities serve their many, many customers. Rellas and team have learned that launching in a city can become *easy* over time, but it’s truly hard to grow deep within each. They are focusing on the killer markets that are really successful for them, and getting even deeper into those markets, while simultaneously finding the markets that show the least path of resistance when it comes to replicating the processes that work best. Ideally, Rellas wants to work towards a federation or franchise model, similar to how Uber Canada and Uber France enjoy the same global brand and product of Uber, but actually have nothing to do with each other from an operations perspective. For Drizly, no city really mirrors another city, so each market should ideally follow as many processes as possible, but take a specialized approach, focusing on the preferences and style of local customers and local retailers. Running Drizly like a franchise-based business makes a lot of sense. As they figure out how to take a city from month 0 to month 14, understanding P&L will help them discern how much money to allocate to each city, and in turn how to scale. ADVICE FOR MARKETPLACES WITH EXPANSION DREAMS? When looking back at Drizly’s own trajectory, Rellas is honest about what future marketplace founders can expect when expanding their services to new cities: “The second market you launch will be the worst market you launch. You will be flying high after the success of your first market, and make completely wrong assumptions about your second. But your third market launch will go a bit better, and the fourth better than that, and so on. You will continue to improve and you will figure it out, but there must be a focus on process. And you must be self-aware enough to know that you don’t know what you don’t know. You will learn as you go so account for some failure, but being humble and flexible enough to learn from each launch will get your marketplace where it needs to go.” Interesting in being a part of the Drizly machine? Check out their careers page today. Want your high-growth business featured on the VentureApp blog? Reach out and let us know about your company.
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Riding The Dragon That Is Disruption

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[The following is an adaptation of a TEDx talk I gave, on May 29th, at TEDxINSEAD2016] In April 2008, about a year after the launch of the first iPhone, NOKIA CEO called it: “a niche product” How could he have been so blind? I mean, at the time Nokia was selling more phones every week than apple sold since it launched. A couple of years ago when my friends started talking, forget about talking, buying and selling, bitcoins, I thought — they’re crazy — it has no intrinsic value. Now true neither does any of our paper money, but still…bitcoin? It’s geeks money used to buy drugs. Blockchain? Never heard of it! There is still a debate to in the hotel industry if they should consider Airbnb as a serious threat. Uber, Lyft, BlaBlaCar Seriously? BlaBlaCar? (I mean, hello? Serial Killers!) None of us saw it coming. Why do so many capable people — keep getting surprised all the time? This is why: It’s the overconfidence that comes from being as blind as a bat and at the same time convinced that we can see just fine…. When I asked business leaders, what they thought about disruption? They all said disruption is a serious threat. They also said “I am not worried — my industry is incremental — disruption is not my problem.” Right — good luck with that. In the following paragraphs I’ll write about innovation, disruption and what we can all do together to avoid death-by-disruption by engaging and managing it, head-on. Ready? My name is Shahar Larry. In 2005 I became an innovation consultant. It was pretty awesome — from a sandal wearing philosophy student in the Tel-Aviv university I found myself In a suit, traveling the world helping fortune 500 companies innovate. I worked with a team of international experts on the Deepwater Horizon (BP) catastrophe in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010, I helped invent new products, services and processes in pharma, telecommunications, medical devices, consumer product goods, food and beverages — you name it — did I mention it was awesome? And then about a year ago I had a moment of clarity. On June 8th, 2015, Retiring Cisco CEO, John Chambers, said: It turns out that this statistics, which is often quoted, is totally made up — but that didn’t matter. I believed him. Two things became clear that morning: The first was that my clients, the corporations, are hopelessly slow. I helped invent amazing new products that took two long years to reach the market — being obsolete the minute they hit the shelf. The second thing was that I could not remember a single project that resulted in anything radically different from what the company was already doing. When potentially disruptive ideas did come up they were buried, as one of my clients said with a “graceful funeral”. I thought — maybe it’s me — maybe I’m not very good consultant. It turns out, it wasn’t only me. The famous Harvard Professor Clayton Christensen wrote about it in 1995, 1997 and 2003 — in fact he hasn’t stopped talking about it since…. and he isn’t the only one — many, serious people, consistently describe corporate innovation as unable to focus on anything but improvements to their current offering. Now, I’m not saying corporations can’t ever come up with disruptive innovation. Clearly trying cherry tomatoes for the first time changed my life forever. I’m saying that since the invention of the modern cherry tomato -2 years before I was born in 1973, 17 other “totally new”, groundbreaking, “looks-about-the-same”, iPhones — sorry — cherry tomatoes were invented — including these: The fact is that most corporate innovation is similar to adding a new type of room with a private gramophone on-board the Titanic. It certainly adds to the experience, but it does very little for avoiding icebergs at night. So let’s take stock: everything is changing really fast, corporations are too slow and chances of them transforming into super-agile speedboats are slim to none. They consistently underestimate the risk of sudden death by disruption either because they think they are immune — and they are not — no one is — or because they think they can adjust fast enough when it hits them — they will not. The future is not looking very good… Thank you. that’s it, that’s my piece. Truth is that a year ago — this is where my article would end. …. I was seriously thinking about changing career. There a famous joke — what’s the difference between a Rottweiler and a Jewish Mother? The Rottweiler let’s go of the kid in the end… My mother taught me well…I decided not to let go and find a way to help organizations not only avoid death by disruption but actually find a way to ride it and fly. But first, I should tell you what I mean when I say “disruption”. There are many definitions. I like to define it as: “A surprise change of the “rules” that makes existing value creation strategies ineffective.”Now, I know what you are thinking — “I will not be surprised!” “I am special”, “I am connected to the startup scene”, “My strategy is Flexible”, “Disruption — I can handle” Great — you’re very smart. I asked a senior, yet young, innovation officer in one the world’s largest banks — how do you select candidates for your famous Open Innovation program. She said: “we look for those most likely to add value to our business.” I suggested, that since disruption is surprising, perhaps she should look for those she least expects to add value... She immediately agreed — I was hired and within 2 weeks we realigned their entire open innovation program to address disruption — 3 of the startups they rejected several months earlier, were recruited and I just heard that they are doing great. Super happy. I wish — In fact, what really happened was that after a disturbingly long pause she said “what you say makes sense — but I can’t imagine I will ever be able to do that….” The tough question we must ask ourselves is: This is the complete opposite to the corporate innovation state-of-mind. Think about it like this: Corporate innovation is all about moving from what we know we know — which is what we already do — to what we know we don’t know — which is usually better performance, cheaper price, more features. Samsung, for example, knows it always needs a better smartphone battery. It wants to make a smaller, thinner battery at the same price point — but it does not know how. When Samsung finds a clever way, it launches a slightly better model and we all rush to buy it. Disruptive Innovation is different. It comes from the much bigger space of what we don’t know that we don’t know. Which is why its surprising. McKinsey advised AT&T not to enter the mobile market because their projections were of less than a million users by the year 2000. There were over a hundred million. Gartner projected in 2009 that by 2012 Symbian will be the leading mobile operating system. Symbi-what? You see the problem? If corporations can’t see disruption coming, how can they prepare for it? The simple answer is that THEY can’t but IT is still possible. Over the past year I have been working on a framework called — Elastic Innovation. No trademarks here. It’s all open source, available online — reach out to me and ill send you a link The model has 4 simple building blocks: The first part is called “to know” — we setup a small team of intelligence officers. I mean exactly what you are imagining — a mini-benevolent — “NSA”, focused on mapping and exploring the sources-of-disruption — even the improbable ones. The second step is called “To Bet” — we select several potential disruptors, at different stages going in different directions. You can think about it like life-insurance for your company. Nobody buys life insurance because they think they are going to die. We buy it because we know, I hope not from personal experience, that people do tend die every now and then and sometimes unexpectedly. So in a sense this is the same thing. We invest in protecting our strategy from potentially deadly unexpected changes in our business environment. In the third step — “To Grow” — We invests in these potential disruptors — small amounts and few resources according to need — keeping them hungry and driven. It is all about creating a growth eco-system that can help very early ideas to form and gel, more advanced — seed stage — ventures to demonstrate a Proof of Concept and accelerate market-ready ventures. It includes mentoring, incubators, ideation teams, accelerators, Scalerators, PoC packages and other tailored programs designed to mature innovation. During this stage some fail and drop out. Finally, there is “to Realize”. By this stage the corporation should have a significant stake in the few disruptors that survived. Since disruptors tend to follow a different path — integrating them, is sometimes not relevant — we should allow them to accelerate independently. Now, for the secret sauce: for this to work, The intelligence unit, the betting process, the work done with the disruptors and the disruptors themselves all have to be autonomous and insulated from the mothership. autonomous and insulatedThis is what I meant when I said: THEY can’t do it — but IT can be done! The corporate needs to externalize its disruption management to people and organizations that have a different perspective, that are not tainted by its biases. So, to sum up — this is the recipe you need to remember: Create a diverse network of disruptors around the “mother ship”. Keep them autonomous and insulated — no badge, not using the same IT resources, not even the same wifi — and hungry. The mother-ship will be free to “carry-on“ — milking and innovating in its existing market. The network of potential disruptors will try. Some will succeed. When they do, they’ll either buy time for the mother-ship to circle-back or they’ll grow so fast the mothership won’t matter. Know this: We are ideally positioned to miss disruption when it hits us. The people before us who missed it — they too were smart and confident — we are not special. If we are to transition into disruption, we must first acknowledge our limitations. It is not easy to act from a position of not knowing — but I believe that we all must! Ludwig Wittgenstein, one of my favorite philosophers, said: “If people never did silly things nothing intelligent would ever get done.” We set out to transition organizations into disruption — we can’t do this alone. I am calling you — managers, leaders, teachers, facilitators, students, professors, consultants, closeted disruptors, even investment bankers — if this speaks to you — you should speak to us — join our first-of-its-kind community and open-source database for practical tools and frameworks that help organizations ride the dragon that is disruption. Shahar
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A Disk Of Dark Matter Might Run Through Our Galaxy

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In 1932, the Dutch astronomer Jan Oort tallied the stars in the Milky Way and found that they came up short. Judging by the way the stars bob up and down like horses on a carousel as they go around the plane of the galaxy, Oort calculated that there ought to be twice as much matter gravitationally propelling them as he could see. He postulated the presence of hidden “dark matter” to make up the difference and surmised that it must be concentrated in a disk to explain the stars’ motions. Quanta Magazine About Original story reprinted with permission from Quanta Magazine, an editorially independent division of the Simons Foundation whose mission is to enhance public understanding of science by covering research developments and trends in mathematics and the physical and life sciences But credit for the discovery of dark matter—the invisible, unidentified stuff that comprises five-sixths of the universe’s mass—usually goes to the Swiss-American astronomer Fritz Zwicky, who inferred its existence from the relative motions of galaxies in 1933. Oort is passed over on the grounds that he was trailing a false clue. By 2000, updated, Oort-style inventories of the Milky Way determined that its “missing” mass consists of faint stars, gas and dust, with no need for a dark disk. Eighty years of hints suggest that dark matter, whatever it is, forms spherical clouds called “halos” around galaxies. Or so most dark matter hunters have it. Though it fell out of favor, the dark disk idea never completely went away. And recently, it has found a high-profile champion in Lisa Randall, a professor of physics at Harvard University, who has rescued the disk from scientific oblivion and given it an active role on the galactic stage. Since proposing the model in 2013, Randall and her collaborators have argued that a dark disk might explain gamma rays coming from the galactic center, the planar distribution of dwarf galaxies orbiting the Andromeda galaxy and the Milky Way, and even periodic upticks of comet impacts and mass extinctions on Earth, discussed in Randall’s 2015 popular-science book, Dark Matter and the Dinosaurs. But astrophysicists who do inventories of the Milky Way have protested, arguing that the galaxy’s total mass and the bobbing motions of its stars match up too well to leave room for a dark disk. “It’s more strongly constrained than Lisa Randall pretends,” said Jo Bovy, an astrophysicist at the University of Toronto. Now, Randall, who has devised influential ideas about several of the biggest questions in fundamental physics, is fighting back. In a paper posted online last week that has been accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal, Randall and her student, Eric Kramer, report a disk-shaped loophole in the Milky Way analysis: “There is an important detail that has so far been overlooked,” they write. “The disk can actually make room for itself.” Lisa Randall of Harvard University is a high-profile supporter of the controversial dark disk idea.Rose Lincoln/Harvard UniversityIf there is a thin dark disk coursing through the “midplane” of the galaxy, Randall and Kramer argue, then it will gravitationally pinch other matter inward, resulting in a higher density of stars, gas and dust at the midplane than above and below. Researchers typically estimate the total visible mass of the Milky Way by extrapolating outward from the midplane density; if there’s a pinching effect, then this extrapolation leads to an overestimation of the visible mass, making it seem as if the mass matches up to the stars’ motions. “That’s the reason why a lot of these previous studies did not see evidence for a dark disk,” Kramer said. He and Randall find that a thin dark disk is possible—and in one way of redoing the analysis, slightly favored over no dark disk. “Lisa’s work has reopened the case,” said Chris Flynn of Swinburne University of Technology in Melbourne, Australia, who, with Johan Holmberg, conducted a series of Milky Way inventories in the early aughts that seemed to robustly sweep it clean of a dark disk. Bovy disagrees. Even taking the pinching effect into account, he estimates that at most 2 percent of the total amount of dark matter can lie in a dark disk, while the rest must form a halo. “I think most people want to figure out what 98 percent of the dark matter is about, not what 2 percent of it is about,” he said. The debate—and the fate of the dark disk—will probably be decided soon. The European Space Agency’s Gaia satellite is currently surveying the positions and velocities of one billion stars, and a definitive inventory of the Milky Way could be completed as soon as next summer. The discovery of a dark disk, of any size, would be enormously revealing. If one exists, dark matter is far more complex than researchers have long thought. Matter settles into a disk shape only if it is able to shed energy, and the easiest way for it to shed sufficient energy is if it forms atoms. The existence of dark atoms would mean dark protons and dark electrons that are charged in a similar style as visible protons and electrons, interacting with each other via a dark force that is conveyed by dark photons. Even if 98 percent of dark matter is inert, and forms halos, the existence of even a thin dark disk would imply a rich “dark sector” of unknown particles as diverse, perhaps, as the visible universe. “Normal matter is pretty complex; there’s stuff that plays a role in atoms and there’s stuff that doesn’t,” said James Bullock, an astrophysicist at the University of California, Irvine. “So it’s not crazy to imagine that the other five-sixths [of the matter in the universe] is pretty complex, and that there’s some piece of that dark sector that winds up in bound atoms.” The notion that dark matter might be complex has gained traction in recent years, aided by astrophysical anomalies that do not gel with the long-reigning profile of dark matter as passive, sluggish “weakly interacting massive particles.” These anomalies, plus the failure of “WIMPs” to show up in exhaustive experimental searches all over the world, have weakened the WIMP paradigm, and ushered in a new, free-for-all era, in which the nature of the dark beast is anybody’s guess. The field started opening up around 2008, when an experiment called PAMELA detected an excess of positrons over electrons coming from space—an asymmetry that fueled interest in “asymmetric dark matter,” a now-popular model proposed by Kathryn Zurek and collaborators. At the time, there were few ideas other than WIMPs in play. “There were model-builders like me who realized that dark matter was just extraordinarily underdeveloped in this direction,” said Zurek, now of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in California. “So we dove in.” James Bullock of the University of California, Irvine, sees dark matter as potentially complex and self-interacting, but not necessarily concentrated in thin disks.Jonathan Alcorn for Quanta MagazineAnother trigger has been the density of dwarf galaxies. When researchers try to simulate their formation, dwarf galaxies typically turn out too dense in their centers, unless researchers assume that dark matter particles interact with one another via dark forces. Add too much interactivity, however, and you muck up simulations of structure formation in the early universe. “What we’re trying to do is figure out what is allowed,” said Bullock, who builds such simulations. Most modelers add weak interactions that don’t affect the halo shape of dark matter. But “remarkably,” Bullock said, “there is a class of dark matter that allows for disks.” In that case, only a tiny fraction of dark matter particles interact, but they do so strongly enough to dissipate energy—and then form disks. Randall and her collaborators JiJi Fan, Andrey Katz and Matthew Reece made their way to this idea in 2013 by the same path as Oort: They were trying to explain an apparent Milky Way anomaly. Known as the “Fermi line,” it was an excess of gamma rays of a certain frequency coming from the galactic center. “Ordinary dark matter wouldn’t annihilate enough” to produce the Fermi line, Randall said, “so we thought, what if it was much denser?” The dark disk was reborn. The Fermi line vanished as more data accumulated, but the disk idea seemed worth exploring anyway. In 2014, Randall and Reece hypothesized that the disk might account for possible 30- to 35-million-year intervals between escalated meteor and comet activity, a statistically weak signal that some scientists have tentatively tied to periodic mass extinctions. Each time the solar system bobs up or down through the dark disk on the Milky Way carousel, they argued, the disk’s gravitational effect might destabilize rocks and comets in the Oort cloud—a scrapyard on the outskirts of the solar system named for Jan Oort. These objects would go hurtling toward the inner solar system, some striking Earth. But Randall and her team did only a cursory—and incorrect—analysis of how much room there is for a dark disk in the Milky Way’s mass budget, judging by the motions of stars. “They made some kind of outrageous claims,” Bovy said. Randall, who stands out (according to Reece) for “her persistence,” put Kramer on the case, seeking to address the critics and, she said, “to iron out all the wrinkles” in the analysis before Gaia data becomes available. Her and Kramer’s new analysis shows that the dark disk, if it exists, cannot be as dense as her team initially thought possible. But there is indeed wiggle room for a thin dark disk yet, due both to its pinching effect and to additional uncertainty caused by a net drift in the Milky Way stars that have been monitored thus far. More Quanta Dark Matter May Be More Complex Than Physicists Thought Tiny Tests Probe for Dark Matter and Other Exotic Physics Following Time’s Arrow to the Universe’s Biggest Mystery Now there’s a new problem, raised in The Astrophysical Journal by Chris McKee of the University of California, Berkeley, and collaborators. McKee concedes that a thin dark disk can still be squeezed into the Milky Way’s mass budget. But the disk might be so thin that it would collapse. Citing research from the 1960s and ’70s, McKee and colleagues argue that disks cannot be significantly thinner than the disk of visible gas in the Milky Way without fragmenting. “It is possible that the dark matter they consider has some property that is different from ordinary matter and prevents this from happening, but I don’t know what that could be,” McKee said. Randall has not yet parried this latest attack, calling it “a tricky issue” that is “under consideration now.” She has also taken on the point raised by Bovy—that a disk of charged dark atoms is irrelevant next to the nature of 98 percent of dark matter. She is now investigating the possibility that all dark matter might be charged under the same dark force, but because of a surplus of dark protons over dark electrons, only a tiny fraction become bound in atoms and wind up in a disk. In that case, the disk and halo would be made of the same ingredients, “which would be more economical,” she said. “We thought that would be ruled out, but it wasn’t.” The dark disk survives, for now—a symbol of all that isn’t known about the dark side of the universe. “I think it’s very, very healthy for the field that you have people thinking about all kinds of different ideas,” said Bullock. “Because it’s quite true that we don’t know what the heck that dark matter is, and you need to be open-minded about it.” Original story reprinted with permission from Quanta Magazine, an editorially independent publication of the Simons Foundation whose mission is to enhance public understanding of science by covering research developments and trends in mathematics and the physical and life sciences.
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